Inversion of the cervical spine can be caused by a variety of pathological or physiological factors. For example, programmers and drivers who work in certain positions for long periods of time can cause chronic strain on the cervical spine. Long-term strain and ageing can cause degenerative changes in the cervical spine, which can easily lead to symptoms such as cervical retrolisthesis. Also, diseases such as cervical cervical spondylosis, neurogenic cervical spondylosis and ankylosing spondylitis can cause patients to develop a cervical retrolisthesis.