Bile duct ercp stent is a suitable metal or plastic stent placed in the bile duct via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which is generally used in patients with bile duct stenosis to keep the bile drainage open. The bile duct ERCP stent can smooth bile duct drainage, relieve biliary obstruction and jaundice, and prevent tumor compression of the bile duct. It can be used for preoperative preparation of bile duct diseases with surgical indications, alleviate the condition and ensure the safety of surgery, and also play a role in prolonging the life and improving the quality of life of patients in advanced tumors. It is generally used more in malignant diseases of the bile duct. There are many complications associated with bile duct ERCP stents, such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, perforation and bleeding, stent occlusion, displacement and cholecystitis. Plastic stents also have a higher risk of occlusion and migration than metal stents. The choice of bile duct ERCP stent and the surgical plan should be subject to the diagnosis and guidance of a specialized physician, who will determine the treatment plan that is most beneficial to the patient based on the condition and specific situation.