The TCM diagnosis of mouth ulcers is categorized into Heart-Spleen Accumulated Heat Syndrome, Yin Deficiency and Excessive Fire Syndrome (deficiency of Yin essence in the body, resulting in hyperactive fire) Syndrome, and Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome (deficiency of Yang qi in the spleen and kidneys) Syndrome. Patients with Heart and Spleen Heat Stagnation syndrome manifest oral ulcers with redness and swelling around the periphery, obvious burning pain, especially when eating or talking, thirst, heartburn and insomnia, constipation and short yellow urine, etc. The treatment is to clear the heart and diarrhea of the spleen, and to reduce swelling and pain (to eliminate the swelling and pain), which can be done by using Liang Diaphragm San with additions and subtractions. Patients with Yin deficiency and hyperpyrexia manifesting as mouth ulcers with small number, little peripheral redness and swelling, mild pain, but with more and more healing, prolonged, hot hands and feet, insomnia and sleeplessness, dryness of the mouth and tongue and lack of desire to drink, etc. For treatment of nourishing yin and tonifying the kidney, lowering the fire and restraining the sores, Zhi Bai Di Huang Tang with additions and subtractions can be used. Spleen and kidney yang deficiency patients show that the pain of mouth sores is mild, white or dark color, light red or not red around, difficult to heal for a long time. Tiredness and weakness, pale face, cold pain in waist and knees or below the abdomen, long and clear urine, dullness (no appetite, less food), loose stools (thin and unshaped feces), etc. The treatment is to warm the spleen and kidneys, and to transform the dampness and astringe the sores, which can be done by adding subtractions to Li-Zhong Tang with Piper Nostoc flagelliforme. The adverse effects and contraindications of the above drugs are not clear. If there is a need for medication, it is recommended that it be used under the guidance of a professional physician, and not blindly self-medication.