Prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly men, and occupies a significant proportion of patients attending urology outpatient clinics. Although prostatic hyperplasia is a benign disease, it seriously affects the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly men, and may even cause complications such as acute urinary retention, recurrent urinary tract infections, impaired kidney function, and inguinal hernia. Many elderly people think that difficulty in urination and increased nocturia is a natural phenomenon with age and do not pay attention to it or are ashamed to talk about it due to face problems; there are also many patients who are reluctant to treat it because they are worried about the dangers of surgery until serious complications arise and the best time for treatment is delayed. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on this kind of things. The majority of patients with prostate hyperplasia have “frequent urination, urgent urination, waiting to urinate, and more nocturnal urination” as their first symptoms, but the above symptoms do not necessarily correspond to prostate hyperplasia. The regular consultation process should include routine urine examination, anal examination, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, urological ultrasound, and for some patients, urodynamic examination, in addition to the type and severity of the patient’s symptoms. The purpose of this series of tests is to rule out prostate malignancy, determine if the patient’s difficulty in urinating is due to an enlarged and obstructed prostate, assess whether the patient has developed complications related to prostate enlargement, and comprehensively analyze whether the patient needs surgical treatment and which type of surgery is most appropriate. 2.With prostate enlargement, is surgery always needed? After the diagnosis of BPH, not all patients need surgery. First, most patients with prostate enlargement have urinary symptoms that can be relieved by medications and remain stable for a considerable period of time, including alpha-blockers (commercially available tamsulosin hydrochloride, doxazosin, terazosin, etc.), 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (commercially available finasteride, dutasteride, etc.), and certain proprietary Chinese medicines. The purpose of all prostate enlargement surgery is to relieve the obstruction of the enlarged prostate to the bladder outlet and urethra, however, the bladder function of some patients is affected due to the prolonged course of the disease, or combined with neurogenic bladder and other conditions, the surgical results of such patients are not always satisfactory. 3. What minimally invasive surgical procedures are available for prostate enlargement? At present, we perform transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which is the most classic minimally invasive surgical procedure with no incision, little bleeding, short hospital stay, and basically no pain, mainly for patients with prostate volume below 80 ml.