Interventional radiology, also known as interventional therapy, is an emerging discipline that has rapidly developed in recent years, integrating diagnostic imaging and clinical treatment. Under the guidance and monitoring of digital subtraction angiography, CT, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging equipment, it is a general term for a series of techniques that use puncture needles, catheters and other interventional devices to introduce specific devices into human lesions through natural orifices or tiny incisions for minimally invasive treatment. After more than 30 years of development, it has now become one of the three pillars of clinical practice alongside traditional internal medicine and surgery. In simple terms, interventional therapy is the least invasive treatment method to treat lesions locally under the guidance of imaging equipment (angiography, fluoroscopy, CT, MR, B ultrasound) without opening an incision to expose the lesions and making tiny channels of several millimeters in diameter in blood vessels or skin, or through the body’s original pipelines. Interventional therapy is an emerging treatment method between surgical and medical treatment, including intravascular intervention and non-vascular intervention. There are many techniques of interventional therapy, which can be firstly divided into vascular interventional techniques and non-vascular interventional techniques. Coronary angiography, thrombolysis and stent placement for the treatment of angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction are typical vascular interventional techniques, while percutaneous aspiration biopsy, radiofrequency ablation, argon helium knife and radioactive particle implantation for liver cancer, lung cancer and other tumors are non-vascular interventional techniques. According to the system of the treated disease, it can be divided into neurointervention, cardiovascular intervention, tumor intervention, obstetrics and gynecology intervention, skeletal muscle intervention, etc. There are many kinds of diseases that can be treated by interventional techniques, including almost all major diseases of the whole body systems and organs, but their advantages mainly lie in the minimally invasive treatment of vascular and solid tumors. Vascular diseases include percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and vascular stenting for stenosis and occlusion, thrombolytic therapy for arteriovenous thrombosis, control of bleeding (acute and chronic trauma, postpartum, inflammation, varicose veins, etc.), embolization of vascular malformations and arteriovenous fistulas and hemangiomas, inferior vena cava filters for prevention of pulmonary embolism, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) for treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhosis, and TIPSS for the treatment of hepatocirrhosis. (TIPSS) technique for the treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhosis, various angiographic diagnostics, venous blood sampling diagnostics, etc. Tumor diseases: including tumor supply artery embolization and drug perfusion, preoperative embolization of tumor vessels, percutaneous tumor biopsy, radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation (Ar-He knife), radioactive particle implantation, etc. Non-vascular interventional techniques include various percutaneous aspiration biopsies, various non-vascular lumpectomies (including dilation and stenting of urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, biliary tract, etc.), local extirpation of solid tumors (percutaneous aspiration intratumor injection, radiofrequency ablation), drainage of cystic abscesses, fistulas (stomach, bladder, etc.), minimally invasive extraction of biliary stones and kidney stones, bone metastases or vertebral compression fractures, vertebroplasty, and plexus nerve implantation. vertebroplasty, plexus block for chronic pain, etc.