Common diseases of arterial ischemia of the lower extremities include atherosclerotic occlusive disease, thrombo-occlusive vasculitis, vasculitis, arterial injury, arterial distress and arterial epicardial cystic disease, of which the first two are the most common. With the improvement of people’s living standard and the aging of the population, the number of atherosclerosis incidence is increasing year by year. In addition, most of these patients have diabetes mellitus, which makes the arterial ischemia of the lower extremities progress faster and the condition more complicated. In addition, the incidence of thrombo-occlusive vasculitis is also on the rise due to the increase in the number of smokers, the younger and feminization of smokers and other factors, and there is a significant increase in female patients compared to before. Comprehensive domestic and foreign data, acute lower limb ischemia patients accounted for 60-95% of smokers, clinical observation found that smoking cessation can make patients with acute lower limb ischemia remission, smoking again can make the condition worse, Erb et al. found in animal experiments in rats, tobacco leachate can cause vascular lesions, Harkavy et al. used tobacco leachate for intradermal test found that the positive rate of patients with acute lower limb ischemia reached 78-87%. However, acute lower limb ischemia is still a minority among smokers, and some patients with acute lower limb ischemia have no history of smoking. Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease that occurs as people age, and its pattern is usually in adolescence, to aggravate in middle and old age, the onset, more men than women, in recent years the disease is gradually increasing in China, becoming one of the main causes of death in the elderly, the most important of the causes of atherosclerosis is hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking three major risk factors, other obesity, diabetes, lack of exercise Other causes include obesity, diabetes, physical inactivity, stress, advanced age, family history of disease, and irritability. Atherosclerosis is a non-inflammatory intimal proliferative lesion of arteries, which is a general term for degenerative and proliferative lesions of arterial walls that thicken, harden, lose elasticity and narrow the lumen. Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease that occurs as people age, and its pattern usually occurs in adolescence, to aggravate in middle and old age, the onset, more men than women, in recent years the disease is gradually increasing in China, becoming one of the main causes of death in the elderly, the most important of the causes of atherosclerosis is hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia three major risk factors, other such as smoking, obesity, insufficient exercise Mental stress, advanced age, family history of disease, and irritability are all related. Thrombo-occlusive vasculitis is referred to as vasculitis. It is a chronic persistent and progressive vascular inflammatory lesion of the peripheral vasculature (small and medium-sized arteries and veins) that leads to thrombosis and occlusion of the vascular lumen. It is common in the northern provinces of China. It mostly occurs in male young adults. The lesions mainly involve the middle and small arteries in the distal extremities, and the accompanying veins and superficial veins are also often involved, mainly in the lower extremities.