Testicular cancer is diagnosed in about 8,000 men each year in the United States. When normal cells start to grow like crazy in the testicles, it can lead to testicular cancer. So what are the things that are not known about testicular cancer? Testicular cancer is the most common cancer killer in young men Testicular cancer can occur as soon as you reach puberty and is the most prevalent cancer for men between the ages of 15 and 40. Verification of health history can help screen potential testicular cancer population. Risk factors include: 1. history of cryptorchidism 2. abnormal testicular development 3. history of testicular cancer 4. family history of testicular cancer (especially father or brother) White people 2. self-examination is an important step for early screening of testicular cancer The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a painless lump in the testicle or swelling of the testicle. Regular testicular self-examination helps to detect the disease early, when the possibility of successful cure is the highest. Other symptoms of testicular cancer include: 1. vague pain in the lower abdomen or groin 2. sudden swelling of the scrotum 3. painful discomfort in the testicles or scrotum 4. back pain If any discomfort in the testicles raises your concern, it is important to seek medical attention early. Almost all diseases confined to the testicles are curable, and many can be removed surgically. However, if tumor cells spread outside the testicle, the possibility of curing the disease is greatly reduced. Especially for adolescent groups who resist seeing a doctor, one should encourage them to get treatment as early as possible. Surgery is the most common first-line treatment for testicular cancer Most patients with testicular cancer can be cured by surgical removal of the testicle (i.e. inguinal orchiectomy). If the tumor has spread outside the testicle, it will also be treated by partial or complete removal of the spread part. After surgery, some patients will also need chemotherapy or radiation to kill the remaining cancer cells. For all patients, continuous self-examination is required after treatment to keep an eye on any abnormalities. Testicular cancer treatment can affect fertility. A single testicle can maintain male fertility. However, if chemotherapy or radiotherapy is administered, the sperm count will be temporarily or permanently reduced, thus affecting fertility. If a patient with testicular cancer wants to have a child by natural fertilization in the future, the doctor may recommend that the patient go to a sperm bank to freeze the sperm before chemotherapy or radiation. In fact, many patients are able to have children after treatment with the help of doctors and fertility specialists. Testicular cancer and treatment will not affect sexual characteristics Testicular cancer usually only occurs in one testicle, so for patients with testicular cancer after treatment, the other healthy testicle is fully capable of providing the appropriate hormones to maintain male characteristics, including hair, voice, and sex drive. Removal of one testicle also does not affect normal erections. If the patient is concerned about the image, he or she can also talk to the doctor about having a testicular prosthesis placed in the scrotum. For the few patients who have both testicles, testosterone may be used to maintain sexual characteristics.