Patient Ms. Zhang, age 54, weight 73.5 Kg. She was admitted to the hospital on August 20, 2009 with “abdominal distension for 1 month, aggravated for 1 week”. History: She has been menstruating regularly for 7 years and has been menopausal for the past 1 month. She had abdominal distension and a significant decrease in food intake. In the past 1 week, abdominal distension has increased, occasionally dyspnea after lying down, in the past 3 days only a small amount of liquid food, since the onset of the disease, eating less, sleep is possible, constipation, urine output is possible, in the past 6 months weight loss of 10kg. Examination: abdominal distension, lower abdomen can be palpable bumpy mass, poorly defined, poor mobility, no intestinal pattern and peristaltic waves, liver and spleen under the ribs are not reached. Mobile turbid sounds (+). CT diagnosed ovarian cancer with intra-pelvic and intra-abdominal metastases and multiple ascites. Preliminary diagnosis: ovarian cancer, ascites. The patient had been refused surgical treatment by two tertiary hospitals in Beijing, and through finding an acquaintance the patient was admitted to a private hospital in Beijing. At the request of the patient’s son, the hospital asked our director Li to take the lead in surgical treatment, and director Li decided that post-surgery abdominal thermal perfusion chemotherapy could prolong survival time. On August 23, 2009, an open total hysterectomy + double adnexa + large omentum resection + abdominal thermal perfusion chemotherapy was performed under general anesthesia. Intraoperative findings: a large amount of yellow ascites of about 5000 ml. several corn-like nodules and cauliflower-like masses of different sizes were seen on the surface of the peritoneum, greater omentum, retroperitoneum, bladder and intestinal canal. the uterus was slightly smaller than normal, and both ovaries were enlarged, with multiple cauliflower-like masses on the uneven surface and heavy adhesions to the intestinal canal. Postoperative pathology: undifferentiated carcinoma of ovary, right ovarian tumor had invaded the fallopian tube tract and fallopian tube wall, left fallopian tube plasma membrane was infiltrated by cancerous tissue, uterine wall was not infiltrated by tumor, endometrium showed atrophic changes, adenomyosis, chronic cervicitis, multifocal metastatic cancerous tissue was seen in the greater omentum, and cancerous thrombus was seen in a few choroidal cavities. Final diagnosis: ovarian cancer stage IIIC No free cancer cells were examined in the abdominal cavity after thermochemotherapy. The incision healed well with exhaustion 42 hours after surgery. Intravenous chemotherapy was started on postoperative day 22: 5% sugar 250 ml + carboplatin 200 mg IV; postoperative day 23: 5% sugar 500 ml + paclitaxel 120 mg IV; postoperative day 24: 5% sugar 500 ml + paclitaxel 120 mg IV. Intravenous chemotherapy was administered once a month for six times. No recurrence after surgery to date.