The main differences between dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are: i. Etiology. The etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy is unclear and may be caused by a variety of factors; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a tendency of family aggregation. Second, clinical manifestations. Dilated cardiomyopathy is mainly manifested as heart failure, malignant arrhythmia, thromboembolism, etc.; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is manifested as chest tightness, palpitation, chest pain, arrhythmia and other manifestations according to the degree of outflow tract obstruction, and it is mainly manifested as heart failure in the late stage. Third, cardiac ultrasound. Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by enlargement of heart, thinning of ventricular wall, weakening of motion, valvular lesions and other typical manifestations; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by different degrees of hypertrophy of interventricular septum and ventricular wall, and narrowing or obstruction of outflow tract. Fourth, the treatment method. The treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy is mainly drug treatment of heart failure or arrhythmia, improvement of cardiac function, inhibition of myocardial remodeling, CRT and other device therapy; and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be applied to drugs to inhibit myocardial hypertrophy, prevention of malignant arrhythmia, but also the application of interventricular septal ablation, surgical and other treatment options.