There are many clinical causes of tongue fissures, which can be classified as physiological or pathological. It may be caused by metabolic disorders in elderly patients, which is a normal physiological manifestation; in severe cases, it may also be a manifestation of cancer, which is usually accompanied by general discomfort and requires a pathological biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Cracks in the tongue may be caused by systemic diseases, such as gastroenteritis, cholecystitis, diabetes, hepatitis or tuberculosis, etc. These chronic diseases will gradually affect the digestive system, resulting in impaired nutrient absorption and relaxation of the tongue mucosa. In serious cases, it may also be a manifestation of stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, tongue cancer and other diseases. In addition, elderly patients will have cracks or grooves in the middle of the tongue due to declining body function, which decreases the tongue’s ability to absorb nutrients and causes metabolic disorders. There are also some patients who are born with genetic factors and do not need special treatment if there are no obvious discomfort symptoms. Patients should pay attention to a light diet on a daily basis, avoid stimulation by spicy and hot and cold foods, maintain good oral hygiene and rinse the mouth frequently to avoid secondary infections. If there is a wound and the pain is severe, local medication can be used to eliminate the infection and relieve the pain.