I will introduce the following knowledge about anxiety disorders in the hope that you can correctly understand anxiety, psychological anxiety is well understood, but the disease anxiety also exists in the body.
Anxiety disorders have been called various names such as cardiac neurosis, agitated heart, neurocirculatory debility, vasomotor neurosis, and autonomic dysfunction.
I. Etiology and its pathogenesis
1, genetic factors
2, biochemical factors Panic disorder is one of the few mental disorders that can be induced by experiment.
3, psychological factors Anxiety is a conditioned reflex formed by fear of certain environmental stimuli. Anxiety attacks are conditioned reflexes to scary situations acquired through learning.
II. Clinical manifestations
There are two main forms of anxiety disorders.
(i) Generalized anxiety disorder
Mental anxiety
1. Frequent worry about some dangerous or unfortunate event that may occur in the future and is difficult to anticipate.
2. Not being able to clearly realize the content or object of worry, but only a strong inner experience of being worried and in a trance. There is often a feeling of panic, distraction, anxiety and restlessness all day long, as if a big disaster is coming.
Somatic anxiety
1.Motor restlessness Rubbing hands and feet, unable to sit still, constantly walking back and forth, increasing purposeless small movements, trembling of tongue, lips and fingers or trembling of limbs.
2.Somatic symptoms Compression sensation behind the sternum, often accompanied by shortness of breath
3.Muscle tension Tension headache, uncomfortable muscle tension, and muscle aches and pains in severe cases.
4.Autonomic dysfunction Tachycardia, flushed or pale skin, dry mouth, constipation or diarrhea, sweating, frequent urination, premature ejaculation, impotence, menstrual disorders, etc.
Increased alertness
Sensitivity to external stimuli; difficulty in concentration; difficulty in falling asleep, waking up in the middle of sleep; emotional agitation; sensory hypersensitivity, feeling the throbbing of one’s own muscles, pulsation of blood vessels, peristaltic movement of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.
Other symptoms
Often combined with fatigue, depression, compulsion, fear, panic attacks and other symptoms, but these symptoms are not the main clinical phase of the disease.
(ii) Panic disorder
Sudden and sudden panic experience with a sense of near death or loss of control and severe autonomic dysfunction when there is no specific fearful situation. As if death or disaster is coming, or running, screaming, calling for help, accompanied by chest tightness, tachycardia, irregular heartbeat, dyspnea or hyperventilation, headache, dizziness, vertigo, numbness and abnormal sensation in the limbs, sweating, flesh jumping, general shaking or general weakness and other autonomic symptoms. The seizures are unpredictable and sudden, usually lasting 5 to 20 minutes and rarely more than 1 hour. During the seizure, the patient is conscious and highly alert, and after the seizure, the patient has palpitations and fears of reoccurrences, and is weak and can only recover in a few hours to a few days. 60% of the patients are afraid to go out alone or to go to crowded places.
The above are only the common clinical manifestations of the disease, and whether it is the disease or not, it needs to be analyzed by a specialist according to the specific situation of each patient. The above are only the common clinical manifestations of the disease, whether it is the disease or not, it needs to be analyzed by the specialist according to the specific situation of each patient.
Finally, I would like to say to the patients and their families that
1, the correct understanding of the nature of the disease, you do have a very difficult experience, the tests are basically normal, or the test results have problems but can not explain the symptoms, you need to know is that the disease will not kill you, but, will significantly reduce your quality of life.
2, drug problems, drug effects mostly within 2 to 3 weeks, the real effect may take up to about 12 weeks, of course, these are individual differences. However, on the one hand, we will combine benzodiazepines for short-term symptom control, and on the other hand, the symptom worsening is also transient, and patients will be able to tolerate it slowly after the drugs take effect.
3.Adherence to treatment is very important, the disease is a recurrent disease, the purpose of longer maintenance treatment is also to reduce the probability of recurrence, because the second and third relapse you may not be able to completely relieve the symptoms, or the original effective drug treatment is less effective.
4, the support and encouragement of family members is very important, many patients’ families heard that their relatives are psychiatric disease, the first sentence is “told you not to think too much,” I want to say that this disease is not thought out, as mentioned earlier, the onset of his is affected by a variety of factors, not patients want to think out (only now the medical technology is not yet) The medical technology does not have a characteristic examination method, perhaps with the development of medical technology, the specific lesions of the disease can be found), he himself does not want to be in this state, and more need the understanding and support of the family.