1. The number of cases diagnosed with cancer and still alive in China within 5 years is about 7.49 million. On October 9, 2015, Chen Wanqing, director of the National Cancer Prevention and Treatment Research Office and National Cancer Center, led a team to publish for the first time in Cancer Letters, an internationally renowned professional cancer journal, the current cancer data of China’s residents. The results show that the number of cancer cases diagnosed and still alive in China within 5 years is about 7.49 million (including 3.68 million male patients and 3.81 million female patients), and the overall 5-year cancer prevalence rate is 556 per 100,000. Compared with the incidence rate, the 5-year prevalence rate is a better reflection of the overall disease burden. 2. Colorectal cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and female breast cancer account for half of the total number of common cancers. Regular gastroscopy is a must. According to the survey on the number of people who suffered from different cancers within 5 years and still survived (in thousands) and the age group composition ratio (2011), among the cancer patients who were diagnosed with cancer within 5 years and still survived in China, female breast cancer patients are the most, amounting to 1.02 million; followed by colorectal cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer and esophageal cancer, these 5 common cancers account for 56.1% of the total. 3. The cancer incidence rate of women is lower than that of men, but the 5-year cancer rate of women is higher than that of men. Data show that the cancer incidence rate of women is lower than that of men, but the 5-year cancer rate of women is higher than that of men. This may be because the 5 most common tumors among male patients are stomach cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer, which have relatively lower 5-year relative survival rates. While the top cancers among women are breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, thyroid cancer and lung cancer, among which the survival rates of both thyroid cancer and breast cancer are high. 4. The 5-year cancer rate in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas. The survey shows that for every 100,000 people in China’s cities, there are 666 people diagnosed with cancer in 5 years and still surviving, while in the countryside it is 440 people. The data show that the 5-year cancer rate in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas, which may be related to the high incidence of cancer in urban areas, good medical conditions and long survival period and the high mortality rate and low survival rate in rural areas.