I. What is e-colonoscopy?
Electronic colonoscopy is the best choice for diagnosing mucosal lesions in the colorectal and terminal ileum. It transmits images of the colonic mucosa to the electronic computer processing center through the electronic camera probe installed at the front of the colonoscope, and then displays them on the monitor screen. Such as cancer, polyps, ulcers, erosion, bleeding, pigmentation, varicose and dilated blood vessels, congestion, edema, etc., the images are clear and realistic. The e-colonoscope can also send biopsy forceps through the instrument channel of the colonoscope to obtain rice-sized tissues for pathological sectioning and testing or other special staining, which can further classify the nature of mucosal lesions histologically, such as the degree of inflammation and differentiation of cancer, and help to understand the severity of lesions and guide the formulation of correct treatment plan or judge the treatment effect. Endoscopic treatment of some diseases or lesions of the colon, such as polyps, bleeding and foreign bodies, can also be performed through the colonoscopic instrument channel. In recent years, the development of endoscopic mucosal resection has provided a new minimally invasive treatment method for patients with large flat polyps and early colorectal cancer.
During e-colonoscopy, colon lesions are found, and through the unique colonoscopy instrument channel connected with special minimally invasive treatment equipment, endoscopic treatment can be performed for some diseases or lesions of the colon, such as fracture or ligature removal of colon polyps, hemostasis of bleeding, submucosal resection (EMR) of carcinoma in situ, foreign body removal, etc., which avoids the disadvantages of open surgery such as great pain, many complications and long hospital stay, and has the advantages of painless, intuitive and simultaneous examination and treatment. It has the characteristics of painless, intuitive, simultaneous examination and treatment, and fast postoperative recovery.
What kind of people need to undergo colonoscopy?
E-colonoscopy is not as painful as people thought in the past and has truly entered the era of painlessness, which is accepted by most patients. The indications for e-colonoscopy are quite wide, and e-colonoscopy is feasible for those who belong to the following conditions without contraindications.
All of the following cases without contraindications are feasible e-colonoscopy.
1, lower gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin.
2, chronic diarrhea of unknown origin.
3.Unexplained abdominal masses that cannot exclude lesions of the large intestine and the end of the ileum.
4.Unexplained lower and middle abdominal pain.
5.Suspected benign or malignant colon tumor, which cannot be diagnosed by X-ray examination.
6.Suspected chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases.
7.Abnormalities are found in barium enema or intestinal system examination, and the nature and scope of lesions need to be further clarified.
8.Determine the scope of lesions before surgery for colon cancer, postoperative review and follow-up of the efficacy of colon cancer and polyps.
9.Low-grade intestinal obstruction of unknown cause.
Warm tip: Bleeding in stool is a common symptom of dozens of anorectal diseases such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, enteritis, intestinal cancer, etc. Therefore, it is not good to determine the real cause of blood in stool simply based on blood in stool. Therefore, when patients have blood in the stool, especially long-term large amounts of blood in the stool, they should go to a regular professional hospital combined with colonoscopy in a timely manner, do not blindly self-diagnosis.
Third, colonoscopy is really painful
Undeniably, any kind of medical examination will bring more or less psychological or physical discomfort to people, and colonoscopy is no exception. The colonoscope is inserted through the anus into the ileocecal region, and because of the curvature of the colon, there is a shift and rotation of the colonoscope as it passes through, thus pulling the intestines and causing abdominal discomfort. However, this discomfort is mild and can be tolerated by most patients, including the elderly and children. Of course, if there is still a great psychological fear of colonoscopy, you can choose painless colonoscopy, the patient is given intravenous anesthesia during the examination, as if sleeping, do not feel any pain, after the examination is over, a short rest can resume normal activities.
Fourth, what are the risks of colonoscopy?
Because the colon is long and curved, the intestinal wall itself is weak, if combined with the intestinal wall itself has lesions, during colonoscopy rough operation, there may be some risks, such as abdominal distention, intestinal bleeding, intestinal perforation, mesenteric tears and cardiovascular accidents. However, the incidence of risk is very low and related to the level of operation of the doctor and the disease itself, patients do not need to worry too much, if the above-mentioned risks and do not go to the necessary examination, the condition can not be clearly diagnosed, delayed treatment, it will be more than worth the loss.
Five, who is not suitable for colonoscopy?
Not all patients are suitable for colonoscopy in all cases. In general, patients with the following conditions are temporarily unsuitable for colonoscopy.
1, the anus and rectum in serious purulent inflammatory disease such as perianal abscess, or the presence of anal fissures and other painful lesions. Because examination in such cases may lead to the spread of infection and cause intolerable pain to the patient, etc.
2. various acute enteritis, severe ischemic diseases and radiological colitis, such as bacterial dysentery in its active phase, ulcerative colitis in its acute phase, especially in fulminant cases. Because in the case of intestinal inflammation and edema, congestion, thin intestinal wall tissue, reduced compliance, prone to intestinal perforation.
3, women during pregnancy, should strictly control the indications, caution, women during menstruation is generally not suitable for examination to avoid the occurrence of episodic infection.
4, peritonitis, intestinal perforation and other cases should not be examined to avoid aggravation of the disease.
5, extensive adhesions in the abdominal cavity and various causes of intestinal stenosis resulting in difficulties in entering the mirror should not be forced to continue the examination to avoid the occurrence of adhesions, tears in the mesentery or intestinal wall.
6, extreme physical weakness, advanced age and patients with a history of serious cardiovascular disease, resulting in intolerance to the examination, must be cautious.
7, pediatric and psychiatric patients should not perform the examination, if necessary, can consider performing the examination under anesthesia.