Diabetes has become an increasingly common disease in life that can harm the human body with complications throughout the body, of which diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is often caused by poor long-term glycemic control and damage to the blood vessels in the fundus due to chronic hyperglycemia, but whether or not diabetic retinopathy occurs depends on the duration of diabetes onset, control of blood glucose, blood pressure, lipids and individual variability. Diabetic retinopathy tends to occur earlier and more severely in patients with type 1 diabetes, while it tends to occur later in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with diabetic retinopathy will experience blurred vision, flashes of light, flying mosquitoes, and foreign body sensation, followed by vision loss, fundus hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and even blindness. Therefore, diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes, which is caused by poor blood glucose control. When appealing eye symptoms appear, blood glucose should be controlled to meet the standard as soon as possible, and ophthalmology should be seen as soon as possible for timely treatment to prevent more serious complications.