Case 1: Li Da Ma has had varicose veins on her left leg for many years, and they have not been painful or itchy. But slowly the skin on the left leg began to appear small red dots, the more you scratch the more itchy, the red dots also slowly became red spots, and then simply blackened, the area is also getting larger. Finally, in a winter night, sleeping soundly, Li Da Ma suddenly felt hot calf, touching with the hand is wet, rushed to get up and turn on the light to see, crimson piece, all blood! The family hurriedly sent her to the nearby hospital, the doctor looked at the varicose vein rupture bleeding, a burst of rescue, as relieved vascular surgeon half-jokingly said: this disease, it is your own drag bad, earlier to see on it. Expert comment: Li’s aunt has lower limb varicose veins complicated by lower limb skin dystrophy and bleeding. Lower limb skin dystrophy is the most common complication of lower limb varicose veins, which can manifest as itchy skin, blackened skin or even skin breakdown, and eventually become “old rotten feet”. Patients with varicose veins are prone to rupture and bleeding because of the thin vein walls and skin dystrophy, which is characterized by heavy bleeding and no pain, so it is easy to ignore. If you meet this situation, you should immediately lie down, elevate the lower limbs, and press the bleeding blood vessels with your hands for 15 minutes, then bandage them and take them to the nearest hospital. Case 2: Master Chen suffered from varicose veins for many years, as a veteran, he did not take it seriously, and often took his leg out to comfort his old friends around him: “think back then, the battlefield bullets flying, I also came over, such a little bulging blood vessels is nothing, decades have not been aggravated, listen to me, it’s okay!” A few days ago, Master Chen broke his foot and was forced to lie in bed for a few days, but the varicose veins on his legs suddenly hardened, the skin reddened, pressed up painfully, the stubborn old man refused to send his children to the hospital, bought a few anti-inflammatory drugs to eat, slowly, the skin reddening disappeared, but not before he was pleased, the whole leg was swollen, watery, the doctor jumped, said: if you come later, the leg can not be saved. The doctor was shocked and said, “If you come later, you can’t save your leg. Expert comment: Master Chen has thrombophlebitis associated with varicose veins in the lower limbs, and the thrombus has spread to cause severe deep vein thrombosis (white swelling of the femur). After varicose veins, the shape of the vein wall and valve function have changed, which directly leads to the turbulent venous blood flow; coupled with the decrease in the anti-thrombotic capacity of the vein lining cells, it is easy to generate venous thrombosis. Since the venous system of the lower extremities is well connected, about 1/4 of the superficial venous thrombosis will spread to the deep veins, forming severe deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Complications affect the quality of life Varicose veins in the lower extremities are very common in the middle-aged and elderly people, which seems to be a small disease, but it has a great impact on the quality of life, and many complications can occur in the middle and late stages. From the patient data obtained from the vascular surgery department of Zhejiang Tongde Hospital, 70% of the patients can have negative emotions such as frustration, loneliness and anger because of varicose veins in lower extremities, which can affect their lives; 8% of the patients reduce their social activities because of soreness and swelling of limbs, itching of skin and darkening of skin affecting their appearance. From the point of view of disease development, early varicose veins are often just the aggravation of varicose vein scope and degree, but in the middle and late stages of the disease development speed is obviously increased block, often just a few years or even a few months to appear skin dystrophy, mainly manifested as dermatitis, eczema. For example, during the “SARS” period, there were many patients who were reluctant to go out and developed from itchy skin to skin ulcers in a short time. In fact, as long as the cases like Li and Chen are seen early, even if surgery is not considered, complications can be prevented by some exercises that help blood circulation. Health care tips 1, as much as possible exercise calf: do more exercises that help blood circulation, such as swimming, cycling, running, dancing, etc.. When standing or sitting for a long time, make time to exercise your legs. 2, protect the lower extremities: as far as possible to avoid sunbathing, sauna and other activities that raise the temperature of the legs; in the evening when resting legs will be raised about 10cm (pay attention to protect the knee joint!) Avoid wearing too tight clothes and pants, and try not to wear high heels. 3.Improve your diet, make sure you get enough fiber and keep your bowels open. 4.For pregnant women: from the fourth month of pregnancy, they should start the prevention of varicose veins in the lower extremities by moving both lower extremities more often, the simplest activity is flexing and extending the ankle joint.