How do Botox injections achieve cosmetic results?

Botulinum toxin acts on the neuromuscular motor endplates, acting on peripheral cholinergic nerve endings and inhibiting the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic membrane of peripheral motor nerves, causing temporary flaccid paralysis of muscles. Botulinum toxin may cause flaccid paralysis in two ways: 1. Inhibition of choline acetyltransferase activity or closure of choline uptake from the synaptic gap, thereby preventing the synthesis of acetylcholine with coenzyme A; 2. Inhibition of acetylcholine release. Current scope of application in cosmetology: elimination of interbrow lines, forehead lines, crow’s feet, broad neck lines, treatment of bite hypertrophy, calf gastrocnemius hypertrophy, etc. The operation is simple, select several points in the local area of the wrinkles, through the micro-injector, inject the appropriate amount of BOTOX into the muscle of each point, followed by the weakening of muscle activity, 24 hours muscle activity is terminated, wrinkles followed by hours, after 4 months can repeat the injection, forehead lines injection method: injection should be in the upper 1.5cm above the flat eyebrow, interval 1.5-2cm to select a point. 2cm apart, choose a point. In light cases, choose 10 points, in heavy cases 12 points Calf gastrocnemius hypertrophy: evenly selected points, the maximum amount (100u per side), not recommended, because the amount is too large, not easy to control its side effects. Common complications of Botox include local edema and ecchymosis, ptosis, incomplete eyelid closure, orbital fat herniation, sagging upper lip, shallow nasolabial folds, unnatural expression, photophobia and tearing, blurred vision, headache, tightness in the forehead, drooping eyebrows, mild lower lid ectropion, exposure keratitis, difficulty swallowing, and neck discomfort. These discomforts usually appear 1-7 days after the injection and gradually disappear after 1-6 weeks.