Women with painful urination should be alert to the presence of cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, vaginitis, urinary stones, urinary tumors and other diseases. 1. Cystitis and urethritis: they are the most common diseases of the female urinary system and are related to the physiological and anatomical characteristics of women, which can easily cause symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination and painful urination. 2. Pyelonephritis: most of them are caused by retrograde infection of cystitis, urethritis and other infections, which cause urinary pain, difficulty in urination, lumbago, fever and other symptoms. 3. Vaginitis: female urethritis may also cause congestion and swelling of the urethra and vaginal opening, leading to symptoms of painful urination in women. 4. Urinary stones: Kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones, may also cause urinary pain, blood in urine, back pain, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. 5. Tumors of the urinary system: for example, benign tumors or malignant tumors of the bladder, urethra, kidneys and other diseases can also cause urinary pain in women. In addition, there may be other reasons for women’s painful urination, and they should go to the hospital in time.