Risks of plasma exchange include abnormal cardiac function, electrolyte disturbances, coagulation abnormalities, and urticaria, as detailed in the following adverse reactions: 1. there may be heart failure and shock. 2. there may be cardiac arrhythmias due to hypothermia. 3. Metabolic alkalosis and hypocalcemia may occur. 4. Coagulation abnormalities may occur. 5. Hypernatremia may occur. 6. Allergic urticaria may occur. 7. hoarseness in patients encountered during replacement, suggesting laryngeal edema. 8. Risk of infectious diseases. The mortality rate after plasma exchange and plasmapheresis is three in ten thousand. Most of the causes of death are cardiopulmonary failure, and individually severe allergic reactions. Therefore, when performing plasma exchange, the indications should be strictly controlled. In the event of an adverse reaction, it should be actively treated under the supervision of a physician.