Clinical manifestations.
1.Middle-aged and elderly people are more common;
2.Many have atherosclerosis and hypertension;
3.There may be transient ischemic attack before the onset;
4. The onset of symptoms is more frequent at rest, often after waking up;
5. The symptoms are gradually aggravated within a few hours or longer;
6. Most patients are conscious, with aphasia, hemiparesis, dizziness, weakness, general malaise, and poor sleep.
Clinical types.
1. Complete stroke The symptoms of neurological deficit are severe after onset, often peaking within a few hours (6 hours).
2. Progressive stroke The symptoms of neurological deficits gradually progress or worsen in a stepwise manner within 48 hours after the onset of stroke.
3.Reversible ischemic neurological deficit The symptoms of neurological deficit are milder after onset and last for more than 24 hours, but can recover within 3 weeks.
Laboratory examination
1.Cranial CT examination. It does not show density changes within 24 hours of onset, and gradually shows low-density infarct foci consistent with the blood supply area of occluded vessels after 24-48 hours, and may have occupying effect if the infarct volume is large. Hemorrhagic cerebral infarction shows mixed density changes.
2.Cranial MRI examination. There is a signal change in the focal area within a few hours of cerebral infarction, which can diagnose cerebral infarction at an early stage.
3.Angiography. It can detect the narrowing and occlusion areas of blood vessels. At present, it is mostly replaced by nuclear magnetic angiography.
Treatment principles
1.Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed For patients with hypoxemia, oxygen therapy should be given
2.Rational use of antihypertensive drugs Within 3 days of onset, antihypertensive drugs are generally not used.
3. Anti-infection Use antibiotics if there is evidence of infection and impaired consciousness
4. Correct blood sugar
5. Intravenous thrombolysis
6.Anti-platelet aggregation therapy
7.Anticoagulation therapy
8. Cerebral protection therapy
9. Fibre-lowering therapy
10.Neural cell nutrient treatment
11.Surgical treatment
12. Rehabilitation treatment