Short stature is the most common endocrine disorder in the growth of children today and is a major concern for children themselves, their parents, teachers, and society. Despite this, parents and/or children often do not notice the slowdown in growth until they are significantly behind in height. In addition, many parents often think of “short growth” as “late growth” and imagine that their children will have an unexpected growth spurt during adolescence, but as a result, they miss the best time to diagnose and treat short growth. What is dwarfism? In medical science, short stature is defined as being below the -2nd SD or 3rd percentile of the average height of children of the same race, sex and age. In layman’s terms, this means that 100 children of the same age and gender are lined up from shortest to tallest, and being below the height of the 3rd person is considered short. For parents, if a child in the growth stage stands in the top three in the class from shortest to tallest, and the height growth is less than 5cm per year, they should be concerned and need to seek medical attention. Also, parents of children who have a history of craniopharyngioma and pituitary tumor surgery should be concerned about their child’s height. Dwarfism is a clinical manifestation of many diseases. If parents find that their children show signs of dwarfism, they should visit a specialist clinic as soon as possible, so that these children do not lose the opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment. There are many causes of dwarfism, the common ones are: 1. endocrine diseases, such as growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, diabetes, precocious puberty 2. craniopharyngioma, pituitary tumor postoperative dwarfism 3. chronic medical diseases 4. intrauterine growth retardation 5. genetic metabolic diseases 6. skeletal malformation 7. central nervous system infection