Intervertebral foraminoscopy Similar to a spinal endoscope, an intervertebral foraminoscope is a light-equipped tube that enters the intervertebral foramen from the side or side and back of the patient’s body (either in a flat or oblique fashion) and performs the procedure in a safe working triangle. The surgery is performed outside the disc’s fibrous annulus, and the herniated nucleus pulposus, nerve roots, dural sac and hyperplastic bone tissue can be clearly seen under direct endoscopic vision. The herniated tissue is then removed using various types of grasping forceps, the bone is removed microscopically, and the broken fibrous annulus is repaired with radiofrequency electrodes. The guardianship trauma is small: the skin incision is less than 7mm, just like the size of a soybean grain, bleeding is less than 20ml, and only 1 stitch after surgery. It is the minimally invasive treatment for herniated disc with the least trauma and the best results for patients among similar surgeries. Minimally invasive intervertebral foraminoscopy vs. traditional surgery Intervertebral foraminoscopy Traditional surgery Trauma size: visualization, minimally invasive, only 6mm, need to open the vertebral plate, the nucleus pulposus, the wound is about 6cm Surgical time: shorter 60 to 90 minutes Safety: safer, clear vision, can effectively avoid the risk of misoperation, easy to wound adhesions, etc., risky Surgical efficiency: about 97.5% 94.6% Pain: painless, slightly painful after surgery, use of analgesics, local anesthesia, intravertebral anesthesia, time in bed, about 1 day, 7 to 8 days, length of stay, 3-5 days, 17-24 days, postoperative care, easier, basically self-care after 1 day, more complicated, postoperative wound drainage, etc., need 6 days to sit and stand, recurrence rate, less than 3%, more than 10%, recovery time, faster, 3-6 weeks, average 6.5-20 weeks