All around us, even when walking on the street, we often see children who repeatedly flap their hands, shrug their shoulders, blink their eyes, crane their necks, crook their mouths, or constantly cough, gag, make barking sounds, or even utter meaningless words and profanities. When parents stop him/her from doing so, these phenomena will become more and more serious, and the opposite will be reduced when they are not noticed. They also get worse when the child is nervous, lighter when he or she is having a good time, and disappear completely at night after sleeping. These conditions are actually a kind of “twitching” symptoms, which is medically called “tic disorder”, also commonly known as “Tourette’s syndrome”. The kind of twitching that is mainly in the muscles of the whole body is called motor twitching, while the kind of twitching that is manifested by throat sounds and swearing is called vocal twitching. When the child is found to have symptoms similar to tic disorder, parents should not be overly anxious, but should bring the child to the hospital for detailed examination by a pediatrician to exclude some other conditions before using appropriate treatment, and should not purchase their own drugs to avoid adverse effects on the patient. 1, what is called tic disorder There are a variety of involuntary movements or movement disorders common in childhood, especially twitching is the most common, twitching refers to a part of the body muscle or some muscle group sudden, rapid, involuntary, repeated contraction movement, such as blinking, wrinkling forehead, crooked mouth, shaking head, shrugging shoulders or limb movement, etc., usually accompanied by vocal twitching, mood disorders, compulsive symptoms or inattention and hyperactivity, etc. Behavioral changes. The course of tics can be transient, chronic, or even lifelong. The etiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood and may be due to genetic factors, biochemical and metabolic disorders, or environmental factors. The disorder is most common in childhood and is more common in males than females. There are three types of disorders according to clinical symptoms and course: A. Transient tic disorder; also known as tic disorder, simple tics, or habitual spasms in children. B. Chronic motor or vocal tic disorder: C. Combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder: also known as tic-obstruction syndrome. The above three types, which are not absolute divisions, are generally considered to have possible continuity among the three types. Transient tic disorders may continue to develop into chronic motor or vocal tic disorders. About half of the patients with tic-obscene syndrome have the first symptom of simple motor twitching, most commonly blinking, or the first symptom of simple vocal twitching, which presents as tic-obscene syndrome after several weeks and months. 2, what is called temporary tic disorder Temporary tic disorder, also known as tic disorder or habitual spasms, is the most common type of tic disorder in childhood. Most of the clinical manifestations are simple motor twitches, and very few cases are simple vocal twitches. The motor tics are usually found in the eye, facial and neck muscles; the rare vocal tics are manifested as throat clearing, coughing and hissing sounds. Its formation is generally related to defensive actions generated by local somatic discomfort, and may also be related to mental tension, which can disappear automatically with or without treatment, and usually lasts from several months to a year. Foreign reports indicate that 10-24% of children have transient tics at some point in their childhood, while domestic reports indicate that about 1-7% do. It is more common in outpatient clinics. Transient tic disorder is mainly treated with psychotherapy and behavior therapy, which can be supplemented with medication. 3, what is called chronic tic disorder This type of clinical manifestation is mainly simple or complex motor twitching; or simple or complex vocal twitching, but motor twitching and vocal twitching two symptoms do not exist at the same time. Motor twitching is generally more common than vocal twitching. In addition to the same causes as transient tic disorder, there may be some genetic factors or localized brain damage, and the duration of the disease lasts at least one year, or even a lifetime. The symptoms are often persistent and stereotypical. The main differences between this type of disorder and transient tic disorder are: first, the duration of tic disorder is at least one year; second, the symptoms of tic disorder do not change permanently. However, transient tic disorder can also become chronic tic disorder if the course of the disorder is prolonged. Chronic tic disorder is similar to transient tic disorder, but the former involves facial, cervical and shoulder muscles, and rarely has upper and lower extremity and trunk twitching; while the latter often shows one side of the face distorted or blinking, which persists for many years. Although chronic vocal twitching is less common, it can show vocalization formed by contraction of the chest, abdominal and diaphragm muscles in addition to clearing the throat or a slight sucking sound, and some show a big sigh, etc. Chronic tic disorder is mainly treated with medication, which can be supplemented with psychotherapy, behavior therapy, etc. 4, what is called tic – obscene syndrome This syndrome is also known as vocal and multiple motor combined tic disorder, synonymous with multiple tics, multiple tics, impulsive tics and so on. It was first described by Itard in 1825, and Tourette, a French physician, reported 9 cases in 1885 and gave a detailed description, so it was named after Tourette, s syndrome. (abbreviated as TS). The syndrome is characterized by multiple motor tics with involuntary vocalizations. In addition to repeated motor tics such as hand fluttering, shoulder shrugging, eye blinking, neck twisting, mouth twisting, etc., the syndrome is also accompanied by coughing, throat buzzing, barking, and even uttering some meaningless words and dirty words, so it is called tic-obscene syndrome; the course of the disease is often a chronic process, and the symptoms can come and go. The cause is not exact, but it is generally believed to be caused by the interaction of genetic factors, neurobiochemical metabolism and environmental factors in the developmental process. Tic-obfuscation syndrome is mainly treated with medication, even for a long time, to control the symptoms.