HFMD is generally transmitted through close physical contact, secretions, and diet, but there is no evidence of transmission through water. During the period of high incidence of HFMD, it is important to pay attention to personal hygiene, wash hands regularly, disinfect dishes, and avoid going to public places with dense crowds and poor air circulation.
I. How to distinguish hand, foot and mouth disease from chickenpox
Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by coxsackie 16 virus in intestinal disease, while chickenpox is caused by chickenpox virus.
Differentiation point 1.
The location of the “pox” is different. The “pox” of hand, foot and mouth disease mainly appears in the oral mucosa, hands and feet, accompanied by oropharyngeal or oral ulcer symptoms; but chicken pox is a systemic symptoms, general “pox” throughout the body, the front and rear chest, abdomen and back most, in addition, the scalp, the soles of the feet, fingers In addition, the scalp, the soles of the feet, the fingers, the palms of the hands may appear “pimples”.
Differentiation point 2.
The pimples are not the same. The rash of HFMD is smaller and more red in color, and the itchiness is not obvious. In addition to a low fever, there are systemic symptoms such as runny nose, anorexia, sore throat, and abdominal pain. The herpes on the oral mucosa, about 1-3 mm in size, becomes shallow vesicles and ulcers after the herpes breaks, and the burning pain is obvious. It usually lasts for 7-10 days. In contrast, chickenpox can appear as a red rash the size of a grain of rice at the same time as the fever or the next day, and after a few hours, the rash turns into a bright, water droplet-like herpes with a slightly larger and thinner skin and an itchy sensation. The condition usually lasts 1-2 weeks.
Differentiation point 3.
The accompanying symptoms are different. Children with HFMD generally have a sore throat and refuse to eat due to sore throat. Children with chickenpox do not have a sore throat and refuse to eat due to sore throat.
Second, how to distinguish hand, foot and mouth disease and papular urticaria
Papular urticaria is an allergic skin disease, mostly due to insect bites and other rash symptoms such as blisters and papules.
Differentiation point 1.
Blistering features are not quite the same. In papular urticaria, the blisters are skin-colored or light red or light brown, varying in size, hard to the touch, without a red halo around them, and the children tend to itch intensely and can be clustered or scattered, mostly on the chest and back and extremities. In contrast, hand, foot and mouth disease is mostly rice-like oval white blisters, surrounded by a red halo, looks drier, does not itch, and is mostly seen on the fingertips, palms, feet, and mouth.
Differentiation point 2.
The accompanying symptoms are different Hand, foot and mouth disease is mostly non-itchy and usually does not unduly affect the baby’s sleep. However, papular urticaria is often accompanied by severe itching, especially at night, which seriously affects the baby’s sleep.
Three, how to distinguish hand, foot and mouth disease and herpes pharyngitis
Herpes pharyngitis is a relatively special kind of cold. In clinical clinics, generally 5 to 10 out of every 100 patients with colds may be herpes pharyngitis.
Differentiation point 1.
The location of the herpes is different. In herpes pharyngitis, the herpes appears only in the mouth, while most children with HFMD first have a herpes in the throat, which later progresses to the heart of the hands and feet, and rarely grows on the backs of the hands and feet, accompanied by fever.
Differentiation point 2.
The characteristics of the rash are different. The rash from HFMD is generally the size of a small grain of rice or a green bean, surrounded by small reddish grayish-white herpes or red papules that do not hurt, itch, or crust. In contrast, herpes pharyngitis herpes is initially a small grayish-white papule surrounded by a red halo that later turns into a shiny herpes and becomes a small ulcer when it breaks down. Most of the papules, herpes and ulcers are seen to exist simultaneously.
Fourth, how to distinguish hand, foot and mouth disease and mouth ulcers
General mouth ulcers are caused by herpes virus and are mainly ulcers. While hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by enterovirus, mainly herpes.
Differentiation points.
Onset symptoms are different. The symptoms of HFMD are small red rashes on the palms, feet, mouth and buttocks with fever. The symptoms of mouth ulcers are small red rashes in the mouth, throat, hard and soft jaws, and the inside of the upper and lower lips, most of which are not feverish.
Is hand, foot and mouth disease scary or not?
Why does HFMD like children? This is the immune problem, before the age of 6 years old children’s immune system is not mature, antiviral ability is naturally poor, so well, the virus will be easy to come to the problem. What are the problems? Fever is the first symptom, herpes is a local injury, and then the herpes in the mouth breaks into ulcers, pain begins to appear, and the child is drooling and does not like to eat. Why does the disease take 2 weeks to develop? Because the process of HFMD is a process of virus proliferation, replication and quiescence. Each stage takes about 3-5 days, so the duration of the disease is about 2 weeks. Is there any medicine that really works for the virus? There is really no such thing. There are no antiviral drugs available, so all we can do is to protect our children. How can we protect our children? This is where we come to the question of treatment.
The treatment of HFMD requires only symptomatic treatment and reasonable rehydration. Why do you say so? The first is that we have no way to kill the pathogen, don’t talk to me about using virazole, ribavirin, whether it works or not, everyone on earth knows that. The second is that the process of hand, foot and mouth disease is a self-healing process, self-healing is self-healing can be good.
How does the treatment work?
Before treatment begins, the doctor should communicate well with the parents. The purpose of communication is to make the parents understand and cooperate with the treatment. Our treatment is divided into two steps: the first step is symptomatic treatment, fever is reduced by warm water bath and appropriate application of antipyretic drugs, commonly used in pediatrics are ibuprofen and paracetamol, do not choose aspirin and nimesulide. Because the mouth has herpes or ulcers, the child will have pain, you can use lidocaine and other local anesthetic spray to relieve pain, why do so? In order to get the child to eat ah, eat something is not going to get better faster ah, the Chinese medicine spray is also optional now. Fever, pain, we have solved the problem, there is another is the child will eat less and the amount of fluid is not enough, this is the second step, reasonable rehydration, rehydration of fluid will facilitate recovery. The older children can take oral rehydration, and the younger ones can receive intravenous fluids. Children’s bodies are in the developmental stage, and the impact of excessive medication on children’s bodies is immeasurable. Finally, I want to emphasize that HFMD is a contagious disease, children should be isolated, do not go to play in places where there are many babies and go to kindergarten with the disease, so as not to infect other children, but also to rest after the child gets sick. Attention to rest and a light diet are the basic measures for all diseases, so it is also suitable for hand, foot and mouth disease, yo.
The vast majority of hand, foot and mouth disease and the common cold, the same as the treatment of symptomatic treatment and reasonable rehydration can be. Remember to eat lightly, pay attention to rest, drink more water, yo.