The term “menopause” is becoming more and more familiar to society at large, but there are many misconceptions about the disease. Can menopause really pass if you just carry on? Surveys show that only 1-2% of people go to the hospital for menopause treatment. Many people think that menopause and ovarian dysfunction are natural phenomena and that they will pass if they “carry on”, so why treat them? If this natural phenomenon is not treated in time, it can lead to anxiety and depression, which not only affects the quality of life, but is also the culprit of many diseases in women’s lives, such as changes in blood lipids, which can lead to heart disease, and calcium loss, which can lead to osteoporosis and even fractures. Symptoms must be treated by a doctor in a timely manner. So how should menopausal problems be treated? It starts with the root cause of menopausal problems. Literally speaking, “menopause” means change, and “year” here refers not to a year or two, but to an era. Literally, women undergo a radical change around menopause. The root cause of this change is the decline of ovarian function in women, after the age of 40, the reserve of ovarian function decreases sharply, and by the age of 50, most people will have basically no eggs left in their ovaries. What is the role of the eggs in the ovaries? Fertility is one of its main functions; another very important function is the secretion of estrogen. When the ovaries are in decline and there are no eggs in the ovaries, there is no estrogen production. The root cause of the sea change of menopause is the lack of estrogen, so hormone supplementation is the fundamental solution to many menopause-related problems. Of course, since menopause occurs around the age of 50, it is accompanied by many aging-related problems, not necessarily all of which are brought on by menopause, and this requires a comprehensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle modification, hormone supplementation, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, targeted treatment of osteoporosis and other related problems at different ages, with different concomitant diseases, and with different severity of menopausal problems. The choice of medication varies by age, concomitant disease, and severity of menopausal problems, and must be done under medical supervision. The perimenopause is the period between the beginning of ovarian decline and one year after menopause, lasting about 3 to 5 years. The average age of menopause for women is 50 years, usually between 45 and 55 years. During perimenopause, the failure of the female ovaries, disturbance of sex hormone levels and menstrual disorders are the hallmark symptoms of the beginning of perimenopause. In addition to this, more than 70% of women will experience other symptoms to varying degrees, such as hot flashes and sweating, irritability, depression and anxiety, skin atrophy and joint pain. During perimenopause, in addition to the greatly reduced chances of conception, the decline of estrogen also leads to a steep and rapid loss of bone mass, which eventually leads to the development of osteoporosis. Therefore, proper hormone supplementation during perimenopause can prevent osteoporosis by maintaining bone mass and preventing rapid bone loss. Similarly, hormone supplementation can also prevent the formation of atherosclerosis and thus prevent cardiovascular diseases. Studies have also shown that neurological degeneration is also closely related to long-term estrogen deficiency, and that early initiation of estrogen supplementation can reduce the risk of dementia to a certain extent. However, if hormone supplementation is used after this “window” is missed, even though estrogen can still improve lipid status, it will not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and dementia because atherosclerosis and neurological degeneration have already occurred. Therefore, the “window of opportunity” for hormone replacement therapy is from the beginning of perimenopause to early menopause.