Surgical methods: 1, traditional open surgery to remove the gallbladder to remove the stone. 2.open abdominal exploration of the bile duct to remove stones. 3.Laparoscopic microincision to remove the gallbladder, or biliary stone extraction. 4.Laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy for bile duct extraction. Other special treatments: 1. Lithotripsy (lithotripsy with oral bile acids): The main mechanism of gallbladder stone formation is the change of bile physicochemical composition, the shrinkage of bile acid pool and the increase of cholesterol concentration. In 1972, Danjinger first applied goose deoxycholic acid and successfully dissolved cholesterol stones in the gallbladder in 4 cases. However, this drug has certain toxic reactions on the liver, such as an increase in ghrelin, and can irritate the colon and cause diarrhea. Currently, the main drugs used for lithotripsy are goose deoxycholic acid and its derivative ursodeoxycholic acid. Indications for treatment: ①The diameter of gallbladder stones is less than 2 cm. ②Gallbladder stones are stones with little calcium that can be transmitted by X-rays. ③The gallbladder duct is patent, i.e. a functional gallbladder can be shown on oral cholecystography. ④The patient’s liver function is normal. ⑤ No significant history of chronic diarrhea. The therapeutic dose is 15mg/g per day for 6 to 24 months. The efficiency of stone dissolution is generally 30-70%. Ultrasound or oral cholecystography was performed once every six months during the treatment period to understand the dissolution of stones. Since the value of such lithotripsy drugs is expensive, and there are certain side effects and toxic reactions, and must be taken for life, if 3 months after stopping the drug, the cholesterol in the bile will become supersaturated again, the stones will recur, according to statistics, the recurrence rate of 3 years can reach 25%, there are still some limitations of such lithotripsy treatment. In addition, some new drugs, such as Rowachol, metronidazole (metronidazole) also have some lithotripsy effect. In 1985, some people reported the use of percutaneous hepatic puncture to inject glycerol monolipid octanoate or methyl tert-butyl ether into the gallbladder, which can lithotripsy directly in the gallbladder and achieve certain efficacy. 2, contact lithotripsy (lithotripsy by PTC injection of glycerol mono-octanoate and other drugs). 3.Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL): In 1984, Lauerbwch first used extracorporeal shockwave treatment for gallstone disease (extracorporeal shockwave-lithotripsy, ESWL for short). The commonly used shockwave lithotripsy machine is EDAPLT-01, which consists of 320 piezoelectric crystals embedded in a parabolic disc, which emits shock waves synchronously to form a 4 mm wide and 75 mm long aggregation area with an acoustic pressure of 9×107 PZ. The stones can be crushed. In addition, B-mode ultrasound is also used for real-time imaging to localize the stones and monitor the lithotripsy process. The main indications for the treatment of gallbladder stones by shock wave lithotripsy are cholesterol stones in the gallbladder, negative stones on oral cholecystography, no more than 3 stones with a diameter of 12-15 mm, and only 1 stone with a diameter of 15-20 mm, and a normal contractile gallbladder function. Zhongshan Hospital of Shanghai Medical University has applied EDAP-LT01 shock wave lithotripter to treat 687 gallbladder stone cases since January 1988, and the stone crushing rate was 98%. The disappearance rates of gallbladder stones 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 months after one shock wave treatment were 27%, 33%, 40%, 45% and 50%, respectively. The side effects after treatment were mild, such as vague discomfort in the right upper abdomen (45%), biliary colic (16%) and weakness, and no complications of organ damage to the liver, bile, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract were observed. In order to improve the disappearance rate after stone crushing, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 8 mg/kg/d was administered before and after shock wave to achieve the synergistic effect of stone crushing and lithotripsy. To consolidate the efficacy after the disappearance of stones, it can be continued for six months. This method is safe and effective, but there is still about 11.2% stone recurrence rate, expensive treatment, and strict treatment scope, which are all shortcomings. 4.In vivo contact lithotripsy (via choledochoscopic placement of liquid electrolysis machine, laser and other energy contact lithotripsy). 5.Lithotripsy by endoscopic minimally invasive surgery. 6.Chinese medicine lithotripsy and lithotripsy for lithotripsy.