How does the diabetic foot develop?

  In 1999, the World Health Organization (WH0) defined the diabetic foot as an infection, ulcer formation, and/or deep tissue destruction in the lower extremities of diabetic patients due to a combination of neuropathy and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease.  The term “diabetic foot” was first introduced by 0akley et al. in 1956. The disease is also known as extremity gangrene because it occurs mostly at the ends of the extremities. It is a serious stage in the development of diabetes mellitus and is one of the major causes of disability and death in diabetic patients, posing a serious threat to their health. It should be emphasized that diabetic foot is a systemic disease. It has both clinical manifestations of medical diseases and signs and symptoms of surgical diseases such as extremity ulceration and local infection, so in terms of treatment, integrated medical and surgical treatment should be emphasized.  It has been reported that more than 15% of the approximately 150 million diabetic patients worldwide will develop foot ulcers or gangrene at some time in their lives. Amputations due to diabetic foot are 15 times more common in non-diabetic patients, and about 50% of the annual amputations are in diabetic patients, while more than 85% of the latter are due to deep infection or gangrene caused by worsening foot ulcers.