Recently, a 75-year-old lung cancer patient successfully underwent complete thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery with a single operating port in the Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of Xinhua Hospital. At present, the patient has been discharged from the hospital with good recovery. With the development of modern medicine, minimally invasive surgery represented by lumpectomy technology has greatly reduced the damage to human body caused by traditional surgery, and more and more people are benefiting from lumpectomy. The concept of minimally invasive surgery “less invasive” and “quick recovery” has gradually entered the hearts of people. Because thoracic surgery involves important organs such as heart, lung and esophagus, and is related to respiration, circulation and other vital functions, minimally invasive surgery in the field of thoracic surgery started a little later than other specialties. In recent years, with the development of minimally invasive technology, the use of TV thoracoscopy for lung cancer and esophageal cancer surgery has been widely carried out in large hospitals nationwide. Along with the unremitting efforts of thoracic surgeons around the world and the use of various specially designed thoracoscopic surgical instruments, thoracoscopic surgery has made great progress and gradually become popular, becoming an important tool for thoracic surgeons to solve clinical diseases. Xinhua Hospital Cardiothoracic Surgery Department combines international and domestic experience, boldly innovates and gradually adopts the “single operation hole” surgical method, which brings newer and more “minimally invasive” thoracoscopic techniques to patients with chest diseases and brings the “minimally invasive” concept of thoracic surgery to the patients. The “minimally invasive” concept of thoracic surgery has advanced one step further. Traditional minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery is usually performed with two to three operating holes. With the continuous accumulation and advancement of technology, at the end of 2009, the first case of complete thoracoscopic single-operating hole to complete radical lung cancer surgery appeared in China. As the name implies: complete thoracoscopic single-operating hole radical lung cancer surgery requires all surgical operations to be completed through a single operating hole about 3-4 cm long. This method provides patients with less trauma, less pain, faster recovery, and better cosmetic results, and is a further extension of thoracoscopic surgery with significant advantages. The single-operating hole surgery is not only one or two less operating holes than ordinary thoracoscopic surgery, but more importantly, the concept of “minimally invasive” is carried out throughout the perioperative period: the operating holes in the back, especially in the scapula, are eliminated, which is the main source of postoperative pain for the patient, and the numbness and discomfort of the chest wall caused by intercostal nerve injury is also avoided. Patients can get out of bed early, which can relax the chest wall muscles and improve blood circulation, reducing problems such as urinary and fecal difficulties caused by long time of bed rest after surgery; more importantly, patients can get rid of the trauma caused by surgery as soon as possible and recover from the hospital as soon as possible. Patients who undergo single-operator thoracoscopic surgery have shorter recovery time and better tolerance of the surgery than those who also undergo ordinary thoracoscopic surgery. Especially for patients with malignant tumor diseases such as lung cancer and esophageal cancer, single-operating-hole minimally invasive surgery can shorten the postoperative waiting and recovery time, start the subsequent radiotherapy as early as possible, and buy valuable time for the comprehensive treatment of tumor patients. ”Single-operator thoracoscopic surgery”, as the name implies, is to open only a small 2.5-3.0cm hole in the chest wall, and all operations including separation, ligation, and cutting are done in this single small hole during surgery. Compared with ordinary lumpectomy, this surgical approach requires a very high level of surgeons, who need to perform various operations such as exposure, separation, ligation and dissection through the same operation hole, and avoid problems such as “fighting” of instruments due to single-hole operation. On the one hand, it requires a clear understanding of human anatomy, especially the anatomical features, adjacent relationships, and tissue characteristics of organs under lumpectomy, and on the other hand, it requires skillful microscopic technique, fine and accurate operation, and complete and thorough lymph node dissection. The single-operating hole TV thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery is very difficult and is only carried out in a few large general hospitals in China. At present, based on the conventional minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery, the Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of Xinhua Hospital has gradually carried out single-operator thoracoscopic surgery and has achieved successful experience in lung cancer, esophageal cancer, mediastinal tumor, benign lung lesions, lung nodules of unknown nature and hand sweating.