In the Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders – Third Edition (CCMD-3), Mania is treated as an independent unit in Mood disorders, and it is juxtaposed with bipolar disorder. The main clinical phase is high emotion or irritability, accompanied by high energy, increased speech, increased activity, and in severe cases, psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and stress symptoms. Manic episodes need to last for more than one week, generally presenting an episodic course, entering an intermittent remission period with normal mental status after each episode, and most patients have a tendency to have repeated episodes. Long-term observation in the course of the disorder reveals that it is very rare to always have only manic or light manic episodes, and the family history, premorbid personality, biological characteristics, treatment principles and prognosis of these patients are similar to those of bipolar disorder with depressive episodes. Therefore, the International Classification of Mental Disorders (ICD-10) and the American Classification System (DSM-IV) have classified it as a kind of bipolar disorder. At present, there is a lack of systematic epidemiological investigation of mania and bipolar disorder in China. The epidemiological survey in western developed countries in the 1990s showed that the lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder was 5.5%-7.8% (Angst, 1999), and Goodwind et al. (1990) reported that the prevalence of bipolar I was 1%, and the combination of bipolar I and II was 3%, and if cyclothymia was added, it was more than 4%. Hong Kong SAR (1993) 1.5% for males and 1.6% for females. Thus, bipolar disorder is a common mental disorder (see differential diagnosis for the concept of bipolar I and II).