Dysphagia is not a disease, but a symptom, and it can be caused by a variety of conditions. For example, lesions in the wall of the oesophagus itself, such as oesophagitis, oesophageal cancer and oesophageal diverticulum; it can also be caused by pressure from nearby organs, such as cervical spondylosis and thyroid tumours; in addition, some neurological lesions, such as stroke and Parkinson’s, may also cause dysphagia.