Cataract A cataract is a clouding of the lens. Vision loss is the most obvious and important symptom of cataract. In the early stage, the vision is blurred, the color of the object becomes dark or yellow, a fixed black shadow or double shadow appears in front of the eyes, the vision is distorted, and the vision decreases or even completely lost.
The common cataract classifications are: 1. According to the etiology: congenital, senile, concurrent, metabolic, drug and toxic, and traumatic cataracts.
2. According to the degree of lens clouding: incipient, swollen, mature, and over-ripe cataracts.
Age-related cataract Age-related cataract, also known as age-related cataract, is the most common type of cataract. It begins to cloud the lens in middle and old age and is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. The incidence increases with age, and the prevalence of cataract in elderly people over 80 years old is 100% and occurs in both eyes one after another.
Congenital cataracts Congenital cataracts are the result of lens development and growth disorders during fetal development.
Diabetic cataract Diabetic cataract is caused by the increase of glucose in the lens due to the increase of blood sugar, which is converted into sorbitol, resulting in the increase of osmotic pressure, the absorption of water by the lens, and the swelling and degeneration of fibers, resulting in clouding.
Traumatic cataracts Lens clouding caused by penetrating eye injuries, blunt contusions, radiation injuries and electric shock injuries are called traumatic cataracts.
Posterior cataract Posterior cataract refers to the clouding of the capsule caused by the proliferation of residual cortex after cataract surgery, resulting in visual distortion and vision loss. The younger the age, the greater the likelihood of developing a posterior cataract. 100% of children with cataract surgery will develop a posterior cataract. When posterior cataract occurs, YAG laser posterior capsule dissection can usually be performed on an outpatient basis without hospitalization, but if treatment is not timely, the YAG laser may not be able to dissect the posterior capsule and hospitalization for surgery will be required.