Cataract is one of the major blindness-causing eye diseases in ophthalmology, and is an ophthalmic disease that researchers in the field of ophthalmology have devoted themselves to research. Here it is necessary to discuss with you.
The definition of cataract clouding of the lens is called cataract. The classification of cataract is divided into congenital, senile, concurrent, metabolic, drug and toxic, traumatic, and posterior according to the etiology.
The main symptoms of cataract, vision loss (vision is gradually and slowly decreasing without obvious eye pain), contrast sensitivity loss, refractive changes, monocular diplopia or hyperopia, glare, color vision changes, and visual field loss.
The etiology of cataracts is related to a variety of factors such as genetics, nutrition, metabolism, and environment. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, excessive smoking and drinking, immune system diseases, long-term use of certain drugs, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Self-perceived symptoms of cataract, cataract is the number one blindness-causing eye disease in the world, accounting for 46% of the blind, and there are about 6.7 million cataract patients in China who need surgery, with 1.3 million new cataract patients each year. Will cataracts be hereditary? There should be genetic factors, congenital cataracts have the highest hereditary rate, and the causes of age-related cataracts are more related to age.
The onset of cataracts is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, and the incidence increases with age.
Timing of cataract treatment: Cataract removal surgery started from the 19th century with intracapsular cataract removal, extracapsular cataract removal, to the present ultrasonic emulsification, and the golden needle stripping cataract surgery invented according to our national conditions, which has gone through a hundred years of history, and the indications for surgery have changed qualitatively. In the past, the traditional concept that patients could consider surgery only when their visual acuity was below 0.1 or even lower has seriously affected the work and life of many patients with high visual acuity requirements. With the continuous improvement of cataract surgery skills, cataract surgery now requires visual acuity.