The main drugs currently available for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B include interferons and nucleoside (acid) analogs. Interferon has a relatively fixed duration of treatment, high e antigen serological conversion rate, relatively long-lasting efficacy, and low drug resistance variation, but also has more obvious adverse effects, and is not suitable for those with liver failure. PEGylated interferon 180 mg is administered subcutaneously once a week for six months and may be extended to 1 year. If there is still no response after 1 year of treatment, the treatment should be switched to nucleoside analogues of antiviral drugs. Nucleoside analogs have strong inhibitory effect on hepatitis B virus and relatively few adverse effects, and can also be used for patients with hepatic decompensation, but they also have many disadvantages compared with interferon: 1. relatively irregular course of treatment; 2. low HBeAg serological conversion rate; 3. not long-lasting efficacy; 4. high rate of drug-resistant mutations; 5. easy to deteriorate after discontinuation of the drug. The main nucleoside analogues in clinical use in China are lamivudine, adefovir, telbivudine and entecavir. Lamivudine is cheaper, but it is easy to produce drug-resistant variants. Tebivudine is a pregnancy category B drug and can be taken by pregnant women, but breastfeeding is not recommended when taking tebivudine. In contrast, entecavir, although expensive, is unmatched by several other drugs in terms of either resistance or e antigen serological conversion rates. I recommend the use of entecavir antiviral therapy when conditions permit.