1. Nowadays, many people have the feeling that the nation’s physique has become weaker and infertility has increased, how do you think about this? This is not exactly the case. Nowadays, the population of China is three times larger than the 40 million compatriots at that time, so the total incidence of other diseases such as infertility has increased. Regarding the increase in infertility, I think firstly, it has to do with the awareness of the people, who do not have an understanding of late marriage and late childbearing, thinking that it is wrong to call it late marriage and late childbearing when you reach 40 or 50 years old. I strongly recommend that women have children before the age of 30, because from a medical point of view, women between the ages of 35 and 45 enter menopause, and the most important feature of menopause is that the ovaries do not function well, the eggs are aging, and chromosomal abnormalities are likely to occur. Women ovulate about 500 eggs in their lifetime, and when they enter menopause, the number of eggs ovulated decreases, and the chromosomal aging of the eggs has a negative impact on fertility. Second, in today’s age of diversity, most people have premarital sex, but many women do not know how to protect themselves and have an abortion after an unplanned pregnancy, which can be particularly damaging to the uterus. In my patients, many of them are infertile because of repeated abortions. Thirdly, most people nowadays are in a sub-healthy state, such as sleeping late, not exercising, loving greasy food and other bad lifestyles, which are also important causes of infertility. 2. Can you give some advice to people who are infertile? First, late marriage is not unlimited late, try to have a child before your body enters menopause, otherwise the possibility of having a child with health problems is much higher. So I recommend that women have their first child before the age of 30 and finish their second child before the age of 35. Don’t go to abortion easily when you are pregnant, and tell young people how to use safe contraception. Secondly, the first child should be delivered by normal delivery, and try not to have a caesarean section, otherwise it will be difficult to carry the second child. Third, strengthen exercise, rest and rest time to be regular, eat more vegetables and fruits, whether the food is healthy and safe without pollution. 3, now there is a saying that the physical fitness and life expectancy of children born through IVF surgery is worse than that of children with natural pregnancies, is this true? The physical fitness and life expectancy of IVF babies are not worse than those of natural pregnancies, and according to the data of the subjects I have done, IVF babies have stronger intelligence and physical fitness and fewer defects than those of natural pregnancies. With the advancement of technology, it is possible to diagnose genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, etc. in IVF, and to screen for quality embryos before transferring them, which has a greater chance of forming a healthy baby. Moreover, not everyone needs IVF, but only patients with reproductive disorders that meet the national regulations can undergo IVF. As for the reason that IVF babies are smarter than babies with natural pregnancies, I think part of the reason is that IVF families are relatively well-off and cherish the children they get from IVF more, so they spend a lot of energy on raising their children, who may have more opportunities to get an education. 4. Nowadays, many people can only go for IVF because of infertility, but there are many people who want to open up this technology? Now that the second child policy is fully open, the conditions for people to do IVF have been relaxed to some extent because of infertility or genetic problems. But in terms of last year’s data, 280,000 people from all over China came to CITIC Xiangya and only 40,000 ended up needing IVF to help them conceive. We still advocate natural pregnancy and normal delivery, and then assisted reproductive technology when there is no other way. However, for people with genetic diseases, IVF is still recommended, so that the disease-carrying genes can be screened in the test tube and healthy embryos can be implanted into the uterus. We have previously explored hereditary oncological diseases for six years and finally made a treatment chain to screen out cancer genes from first-degree relatives (e.g. parents, siblings, children). One patient had his eye removed at the age of two due to retinoblastoma (eye cancer). He got married at the age of 32, and soon after his wife got pregnant naturally. When he had a maternity test, he found that the fetus carried the same retinoblastoma gene as he did, so he had an abortion. So then he found us to help him screen out the oncogene embryos. When we did IVF, it was not a one-time success. The first time, all 5 embryos carried the cancer gene, and the second time, 1 out of 4 embryos was healthy and later delivered a healthy baby without any problems.