Under certain circumstances, chemical waste products in the urine can form crystals that eventually form urinary stones. Stones block the urinary tract, causing severe pain, infection, and affecting kidney function. There are several treatment options for urinary stones, including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, minimally invasive surgery and open surgery. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or ESWL for short, is a method of shattering stones by shock waves and expelling them in the urine, and is most suitable for stones less than 50 px in diameter. Anticoagulant medications such as aspirin, reserpine, warfarin, poliovirus, and pentoxifylline are stopped two weeks before lithotripsy to avoid bleeding caused by ESWL. On the morning of your treatment, cleanse your intestines by taking some laxatives by mouth such as senna, castor oil, etc. Please bring your x-rays and relevant examination materials with you when you come for lithotripsy. During the lithotripsy process, you will usually feel the shock waves hitting your body. Complications of ESWL are rare, but may include the following: 1. moderate hematuria 24-48 hours after ESWL; 2. kidney colic or painful urination when the stone is discharged through the urine; 3. urinary tract infection; 4. a large number of stones may accumulate together and block the ureter to form a “stone street”; 5. If large stones remain after the operation, it is necessary to treat them again at intervals; 6. The stones are too hard, which may lead to failure of ESWL treatment. If there is severe pain that cannot be controlled by painkillers, persistent fever over 38°C, and severe hematuria several times a day after ESWL, please go to the hospital for emergency treatment in time.