Many older adults have knee pain, and the online presentations are more specialized and harder to read and understand. Based on this, I wrote a little text in layman’s terms. Old cold leg, Western medicine is called osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis), is caused by joint cartilage degeneration or injury. Based on cartilage degeneration, there can be changes such as osteophytes (bone spurs), joint swelling (synovitis) and free bodies (joint rats). High risk factors include advanced age, joint trauma, obesity, female, and family history. Manifestations include joint pain, limitation of movement and joint deformity. Joint pain is predominant, manifested by inability to walk for a long time, inability to go up and down stairs, inability to squat, friction sounds in the joints, etc. Treatment of osteoarthritis 1. Adjustment of lifestyle and exercise: I have marked this item in red, just to highlight its importance. As we live longer per capita and age, the occurrence of osteoarthritis is as inevitable as wrinkles. Very well maintained, he’s light; otherwise he’s heavy. Chinese weightlifters have retired with severely damaged joints. Then how to maintain it? (1) Exercise. Some doctors tell patients that people are like cars, the more they drive the faster they break down. So let the patient try to move as little as possible. This is a misconception. If a car is left unused, it will break down even faster. The same goes for joints. The stability of the knee joint depends first and foremost on the strong muscles around it. If you don’t exercise for a long time, the muscles atrophy and the stability of the joint further decreases, making the joint wear out even faster. Therefore, we need to exercise. (2) How to exercise. The knee joint is a weight-bearing joint, carrying the weight of the body, so it causes wear and tear, which is rarely seen in the joints of the upper limbs. Therefore, we need to perform non-weight-bearing functional exercises to reduce joint wear by reducing the load on the joint. Therefore we should reduce physical work, walk less, avoid climbing and tai chi, and change to cycling or swimming. Wherever you go, go out is a bicycle. (3) Bed exercise. Recommend a set of Tao’s original exercise method. a, supine, straighten the leg repeatedly raised and lowered until the thigh muscle fatigue for a group. Continuous exercise 4 groups, rest 1 minute in between. b, side lying, the upper lower extremity abduction, the lower extremity of the lower inward. Continuous exercise 4 groups, rest for 1 minute in between. c, prone, straighten the leg back extension, continuous exercise 4 groups, rest 1 minute in between. (4) Weight loss. Prevent aggravation of the knee joint, once the body is overweight, actively lose weight and control the weight. (5) avoid prolonged squatting, because the weight of the knee joint when squatting is 3 to 6 times their own body weight, squatting at work (such as auto mechanics, sand turners) is best changed to a low sitting position (sitting on a small bench), it is best not to climb stairs, mountaineering activities such as this, easy to cause joint damage. 2, in the exercise at the same time can be combined with oral medication: glucosamine and other drugs to protect joint cartilage. Oral NSAIDS analgesics can be taken for pain. 3, local medication in the joint cavity: a small amount of hormone closure can be applied for severe swelling. Sodium vitrate can be injected according to the course of treatment (some people are very sensitive and have good effect). 4.Surgical treatment: flushing, arthroscopic cleaning, joint replacement.