Inflammatory lesions of the optic nerve can be categorized as: infectious and non-infectious. Infection can be localized and systemic. The main local cause is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which can develop in both eyes at the same time or sequentially, so it is important to examine the paranasal sinuses in elderly people with bilateral optic neuritis. Systemic infections are mainly spirochetes and viral infections. Non-infectious factors of optic neuritis are mainly demyelinating diseases-multiple sclerosis. Optic neuritis due to some systemic diseases can be immunoreactive but can also be demyelinating changes. Regardless of whether the etiology of the inflammation is infectious or not, optic neuritis can be categorized according to the n alteration of the optic disc: optic nerve retinitis, and retrobulbar optic neuritis. Posterior bulbar optic neuritis is most common in young and middle-aged women with sudden monocular vision loss, preceded by periocular pain and painful eye rotation. There is no fundus manifestation in the early stage. Late optic nerve atrophy. Patients mostly have abnormal color vision and contrast sensitivity. In some cases, there are changes of demyelination of the retrobulbar optic nerve and cerebral cortex. Optic nerve retinitis refers to inflammation of the optic nerve with concomitant involvement of the peripheral retina; typical changes are combined with peripapillary hard exudates around the optic disc and stellate exudates in the macula. The main etiology is closely related to systemic infections. Cat scratch disease, syphilis, Lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, HIV infection and herpes zoster are common. Patients tend to have sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes. Some patients have a history of viral infection 1 to 3 weeks before the onset of the disease. Patients have varying degrees of color-contrast sensitivity and visual field abnormalities. Some patients with inflammatory demyelinating optic neuritis recover spontaneously without treatment. The use of glucocorticoids reduces recurrence and shortens the course of the disease. Patients with first-ever disease and no previous history of multiple sclerosis or optic neuritis: MRI reveals demyelination in at least one place, which can be shocked with glucocorticoids; those with normal MRI, with a low likelihood of multiple sclerosis, can still be flushed away with glucocorticoids to accelerate visual recovery. Vitamin B12, vasodilators, etc. For patients who have been previously diagnosed with multiple sclerosis or optic neuritis, glucocorticoid shock can be used in the relapsing phase, or immunosuppressants, vitamin B12 vasodilators, etc., as appropriate. For infectious optic neuritis, it should be treated for the etiology in cooperation with relevant departments, and at the same time protect the optic nerve treatment; autoimmune optic neuropathy should be treated for systemic immune disease Jinsong regular full glucocorticoid therapy.