Awareness of mental retardation in Chinese medicine (a) About the name of the disease There is no name of “mental retardation” or “mental retardation” in ancient Chinese literature, but the clinical manifestations of mental retardation, developmental delay, limb weakness, speech disorder, salivation, and delayed closure of fontanelle belong to the “five delays”, “five softnesses”, “dementia”, “dementia”, and “decranialization” of Chinese medicine. However, with regard to its clinical symptoms such as low intelligence, developmental delay, limb weakness, speech disorder, salivation, few words, and late closure of fontanelle, it belongs to the category of “five delays”, “five softnesses”, “dementia”, and “cranial disintegration” in Chinese medicine. “and other diseases. The medical practitioners have accumulated rich experience in understanding and treating this disease. (B) etiology and pathogenesis 1, congenital endowment deficiency: kidney stores essence, including congenital essence and acquired essence, if the father’s essence is insufficient and the mother’s blood is weak, the fetus has congenital deficiency; or the father or mother has other diseases left in the fetus, resulting in congenital heart, liver and kidney deficiency in the child. The heart is the master of the mind, the liver is the master of strategy, the kidney is the master of the will and stores essence, essence produces marrow, marrow fills the brain, human growth and development, including the development of the brain need the essence of the kidney, if the congenital deficiency of liver and kidney, the marrow is not filled, the brain has nothing to feed and low intelligence, such retarded children are mostly born with [4]. 2, acquired factors: the kidneys are the reservoir of acquired essence from the five viscera and six internal organs, if born weak and sickly, or nursing disorders, malnutrition or panic and fall damage to the brain, or difficult birth, etc., can lead to the child’s acquired deficiency, that is, the kidneys do not have enough essence to produce marrow to nourish the brain and develop dementia. In addition, most of the acquired factors are related to birth injuries during childbirth and the feeling of evil poisons after birth. (3) Regarding the treatment: “The five delays in children are mostly due to the weakness of the parents’ qi and blood and congenital deficiency, all due to the deficiency of kidney qi”. Therefore, most clinical treatment is based on deficiency and filling. The brain is the house of the spirit, and the clear spirit is in it. If blood stasis is blocked in the brain, as Wang Qingren said, “brain qi does not connect with dirty qi, qi and blood cannot be injected into the brain, the brain loses its nourishment, and the essence withers”. Therefore, the key to the treatment of this disease is to treat the stasis, to make the blood flow smoothly and peacefully, and to restore the clear spirit of the brain. Most of the symptoms of this disease are deficiency, but there are a few cases of deficiency with actual or actual symptoms. The treatment of this disease is based on the basic principle of tonifying the deficiency and enlightening the mind. The brain resides in the medulla, is the sea of medulla, is the house of essence, depends on the heart qi and liver yin, so it is often used to awaken the mind and open the orifice, nourish the heart and benefit the intellect. Prof. He Puren proposes “tonic”, “pass”, and “tune”, which means to tonic the innate to consolidate the root, tune the Yang Qi around the body, and pass its chaotic and clear orifices. In conclusion, Chinese medicine divides the intellectual activity into five organs and six bowels, but it is closely related to the brain, kidney, heart, spleen and liver. It is believed that the congenital kidney essence is insufficient, the brain is empty, and the lack of nourishment in the later days, and the lack of qi and blood in the heart and spleen is the root cause of the disease.