In general, conization surgery only removes the diseased tissue in the cervical area, but HPV infection is not site specific, except in the cervical conization area, other non-surgical areas may also be infected, but the probability is lower, so conization surgery may not necessarily remove all the HPV virus, and there may be recurrent infections. For cervical precancerous lesions, especially high-grade precancerous lesions, CIN2 or CIN3, conization surgery is usually chosen, including lipknife excision and cold knife conization, no matter which surgery is performed, a part of cervical tissue is removed. After removal, the HPV virus is removed along with the epithelium of the cervical lesion. After removal, most of them will not recur and the test will always be negative for HPV, but in a few cases, the disease will recur and the HPV virus will always be present. Of course, there are some women who have a recurrence of the disease due to a new HPV infection, but this is a relatively rare occurrence. In general, HPV recurrence is still considered to be related to the fact that the original virus is not completely cleared. Therefore, after conization surgery for cervical precancerous lesions, it is necessary to review regularly. Some women may have persistent HPV infection and even recurrence of the disease, and very few women may develop cervical cancer. After conization surgery, HPV plus TCT should be checked every 3-4 months. If it is negative for 3 times in a row, it is considered to be temporarily cured, and after that, it should be checked once a year. In the process of examination, some women will become HPV positive and then gradually develop cervical precancerous lesions, and even some individual women will progress to cervical cancer if they miss the reexamination. If the HPV virus is found to be present in the review, HPV can be cleared by enhancing immunity or using anti-HPV drugs, and if cervical precancerous lesions have already appeared, they should be treated again. In severe cases, the progression to cervical cancer requires active surgery and radiotherapy treatment.