Eating disorders (ED) are a group of syndromes characterized by abnormal eating behavior and psychological disturbances, accompanied by significant weight changes and/or physiological dysfunctions. In all types of diagnostic systems, it mainly includes anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Although patients mainly show disorders of eating behavior, such as restriction of eating, excessive exercise, overeating, vomiting after overeating, fasting, and abuse of diet pills or laxatives, etc., behind these disordered eating behaviors reflect their psychological disorders, so they are also called psychobehavioral disorders. Many patients with eating disorders have perceptual disorders about their weight, body shape, body size, etc. In order to adapt to the distorted perception of the body, they adopt various disordered eating behaviors in order to control or reduce their weight. Medical recognition of anorexia nervosa as a disease diagnosis began in the late 19th century. In contrast, bulimia nervosa was not formally recognized as a clinical diagnosis until 1979, when Russell described the disorder. Bulimia was not identified until the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Revised (DSM-IV-TR, American Psychiatric Association, 2000), as a tentative classification of “eating disorders not otherwise labeled (EDNOS)” that required continued research. Until the 1970s, eating disorders were considered to be rare disorders. It was only after the description of anorexia nervosa emerged that eating disorders came to be seen as a common and functionally disabling group of disorders. The prevalence of anorexia nervosa has increased since the mid-20th century in both the United States and Western Europe. However, many patients with eating disorders remain clinically unrecognized, with an estimated recognition rate of only 12% for bulimia nervosa and 45% for anorexia nervosa by general practitioners abroad. A recent domestic survey of 437 clinicians in different regions showed that their knowledge and experience in the treatment of eating disorders is quite limited and reflects that the treatment and services for eating disorders in China are far from adequate. Therefore, there is a need to deepen teaching, training, research, and clinical services related to eating disorders among domestic professionals, which will ultimately benefit patients with eating disorders and their families.