Which children are susceptible to kidney disease? There are seven broad categories of factors: First, a genetic history of polycystic kidney, Alport syndrome (familial hemorrhagic nephritis), and thin basement membrane nephropathy. Such patients can be detected through genetic testing techniques, and prenatal testing can also be performed for parents with this genetic disorder when the mother is pregnant, so that early detection and appropriate intervention can be made. Secondly, family history of IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis are more common, and children with a family history of these diseases have a high chance of developing nephropathy. More attention should be paid to such children, regular medical checkups and early detection. Third: low birth weight In recent years, with the development of assisted reproductive technology, more and more women conceived by this technique, the chances of carrying a double or multiple births have increased greatly, and the corresponding fetal weight will be small. As we know, the number of kidney units in the kidneys does not increase at birth, and low birth weight babies have small kidneys and fewer kidney units. Therefore, low birth weight children grow up to avoid doing work with high muscle content and fast metabolism, such as boxing, sumo wrestling, bodybuilding, etc., to prevent the occurrence of chronic kidney disease or uremia; recommended in work and life to minimize the burden on their kidneys. Fourth: obesity In the same way as low birth weight, children are obese, the kidneys are relatively small, the load borne will increase, prone to chronic kidney disease in adulthood. Fifth: Infection induced These factors are the same as adults, so children should also maintain good physical fitness, regular diet and rest, healthy psychology, etc. Sixth: drug-induced These factors are also the same as adults, so avoid giving children random drugs. Seventh: other etiologies Including hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection, etc. What are the ways used for early identification of kidney disease in children? 1: Urinalysis, which can detect most patients. For children who may or have met the first four conditions of susceptibility factors, urine tests should be done regularly to monitor for urine protein, hematuria or the presence of white blood cells to rule out kidney disease. 2.Imaging tests, which are not mandatory, may be required for those with a family history. 3.Blood test, which is needed to assist in judgment when serious suspicion of disease is present. 4, congenital diseases, some congenital diseases are asymptomatic in the early stage, but some can still be detected during history taking and physical examination, such as recurrent urinary tract infections in boys may be caused by hypospadias, ureteral folding causing pelvic effusion with clinical symptoms.