Chinese herbal medicines have made remarkable contributions in the field of medicine in China and have been widely used clinically for a long time, but in recent years, with the development of modern medical testing methods, renal damage caused by certain Chinese medicines has received attention. It has been confirmed that aristolochic acid in Chinese herbal ingredients is a very nephrotoxic substance, and the common Chinese herbal medicines containing this substance include Aristolochia, Guanmutong, Guang Fangji, Qing Mu Xiang, Zhu Sha Lian and Huai Tong. Among them, Moutong and Fangqi both have heat-clearing and water-releasing effects and are commonly used in the treatment of kidney diseases as one of the ingredients of compound tonics. However, they have complex varieties, such as Moutong, Chuan Moutong, Huai Tong and Moutong, etc., and Fangqi, including Powdered Fangqi, Mu Fangqi, Guang Fangqi and Hanzhong Fangqi, etc. Among them, Guan Moutong and Huai Tong in Moutong and Guang Fangqi in Fangqi all contain aristolochic acid components, which are nephrotoxic.