Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated the close relationship between smoking and the development of lung cancer, with smoking causing a sustained increase in lung cancer incidence and mortality, while smoking cessation can lead to a decrease in lung cancer incidence and mortality. The results of two large sample case-control studies in the United Kingdom in 1950 and 1990 showed that the average life expectancy of persistent smokers was reduced by 10 years compared to non-smokers, and that quitting smoking for 10 years reduced the risk of lung cancer by half compared to continuing smokers. Quitting before middle age reduces the risk attributable to tobacco by more than 90 percent. It is never too late for smokers to quit, and of course the earlier the better. As a result of increasingly restrictive smoking laws, lung cancer mortality in men is at a stable or declining level in some European and American countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Netherlands. The age curves of lung cancer mortality in these countries show varying degrees of increase in the 65+ age group, stabilization or fluctuation in the 45-60 age group, and a slight decrease in the 40 age group, predicting that lung cancer mortality will continue to decline in the future. Obviously, lung cancer prevention and control and tobacco control are very important and urgent matters related to the health of our people, and are related to the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society and the strength of the nation. In December 2003, the Ministry of Health promulgated the Outline of China’s Cancer Prevention and Control Plan (2004-2010), which listed lung cancer prevention and control as a top priority and made tobacco control a major strategy for cancer prevention and control in China. On May 1, 2008, the Beijing Municipal Government promulgated the “Regulations on the Scope of Prohibition of Smoking in Public Places in Beijing” to clarify the scope of public places where smoking is prohibited by law. In order to curb the tobacco epidemic, the World Health Organization has set the theme of World No Tobacco Day 2013 as “No Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship,” to awaken society to tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, encourage countries to implement Article 13 of the FCTC and its implementation guidelines, impose a comprehensive ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, and resist the tobacco industry’s The FCTC encourages countries to implement Article 13 and its implementation guidelines, to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, and to resist the tobacco industry’s activities that undermine tobacco control, so that more people, especially youth, are free from the dangers of tobacco. A total ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship is necessary to save lives and promote health. Concerned about people’s livelihoods, we need to focus on tobacco control; to promote health, we need to promote tobacco control. In a country with more than 300 million smokers and 740 million victims of secondhand smoke, it is especially important to ban all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Society as a whole needs to act to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship altogether! However, we should also see that China’s tobacco control and lung cancer prevention and control efforts face a very complex and difficult situation involving socioeconomic growth and employment, livelihoods in certain areas, the behavioral habits of smokers, education of youth, research and development of effective cessation measures, and effective population-based tobacco control models and experiences. Only persistent efforts by the relevant government departments and relevant community organizations will enable this issue to be progressively addressed through long-term, tireless efforts.