Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system. Statistics in the United States in 2008 showed that the number of new cases in 2008 was 68,810 (51,230 men and 17,580 women) and the number of deaths was 14,100 (9,950 men and 4,150 women). In China, the incidence of bladder cancer in men occupies the eighth place of systemic malignant tumors, and the incidence in women ranks after the twelfth place. In recent years, with the aggravation of industrial pollution, smoking and abuse of food additives, the incidence of tumor in some cities in China reported an increasing trend of bladder cancer incidence, and the incidence of bladder cancer in men is 3-4 times that of women. Bladder cancer can occur at any age, even in children. However, the main age of onset is after middle age, and its incidence increases with age. The main manifestation is intermittent painless hematuria of the naked eye. Cystoscopy is still the most reliable method to diagnose bladder cancer. Cystoscopy can reveal whether there is a tumor in the bladder, clarify the number, size, shape and location of the tumor, and biopsy the tumor and suspicious lesions to clarify the pathological diagnosis, and some tumors can be removed directly by minimally invasive surgery without surgery.