Prostate cysts are mainly caused by congenital fetal developmental abnormalities as well as acquired disease factors. They can be secondary to diseases such as prostatitis and posterior urethritis, and can also be induced by operations such as long-term indwelling catheters, prostate surgery, and prostate heat therapy. Patients with small, asymptomatic cysts do not require treatment and should continue to be monitored or reviewed regularly. Patients with larger, symptomatic cysts require appropriate treatment, which may include puncture injections of sclerosing agents and surgical removal.