In addition to the intake of various nutrients and minerals, the correct cooking method can help to achieve the ideal dietary treatment effect.
I. Reducing potassium salt
Hyperkalemia is a frequent problem in patients with uremia, because the kidney’s ability to excrete potassium is reduced, so these patients need a low-potassium diet, as follows.
1. First, soak green leafy vegetables in plenty of water for more than half an hour, then discard the water and put them in plenty of water to scorch.
2, as for the root vegetables containing high potassium such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, etc., should be peeled first, cut into thin slices, soaked in water and then boiled.
3, with vegetables cooked into the soup are potassium, and melon soup such as knotted gourd, winter melon, etc. contains less potassium than vegetable soup.
4, canned fruits and vegetables in the manufacturing and processing process to reduce the content of potassium.
5. Commercially available salt substitutes and unsalted soy sauce contain large amounts of potassium and should not be used by patients with kidney disease.
Reducing sodium
High sodium intake will increase the swelling of kidney disease patients, increase blood pressure and make it difficult to control, and increase the water intake of kidney failure dialysis patients.
1, seasoning should be light, reduce the use of high sodium condiments such as salt, soy sauce, monosodium glutamate, oil and various sauces.
2, avoid choosing high-salt ingredients, such as plum, pickles, squash, etc.
3. When choosing canned vegetables, you should choose those made with clear water, because they contain much lower sodium content than brine products.
4. Try to use some of the following sodium seasonings to increase the deliciousness of the dish.
Suggestions: pepper, vinegar, wine, five spice powder, pepper, star anise, herbs, peel, mustard spice, ginger and onion, garlic, coriander, chili, lemon juice, lime juice, etc.
Three, to avoid thirst methods
1. Avoid using Z ingredients and high salt seasoning
2. Add lemon slices or mint leaves to drinks and make some of them into ice cubes, which have a better thirst quenching effect when held in the mouth. For patients who can only consume a small amount of fluids every day, this method helps to save drinking fluids.
3. Chew gum.
4. Avoid drinking strong tea and strong coffee.
If you have diabetes and hyperlipidemia at the same time, the cooking method
1, can be limited to use a small amount of sugar or use sugar substitutes for flavoring but sugar substitutes should not be cooked at high temperatures, because the sweetness will be reduced by heat.
2. Foods containing sugar such as soft drinks, candy, sweet pastries and canned fruits (made of sugar water) should still be avoided. Sugar-substituted sodas, candies and chewing gums can be substituted.
3. Eat starchy foods regularly and quantitatively as the main source of calories.
4. Avoid foods high in sugar and cholesterol, and use a small amount of vegetable oil instead.
5. Increase fiber
(1) Eat more vegetables, but pay attention to the appropriate cooking method to reduce potassium.
(2) If the blood phosphorus is too high, you must restrict the consumption of whole grains, such as cereals, breakfast cereals, etc.
(3) moderate amount of low or medium potassium fruit as a snack.
(6) If your blood fat is too high, you should choose dishes that are cooked with less oil, such as steaming, stewing, and white cooking.