Arteriosclerosis-occlusive disease (ASO) is a collective term for obstructive disease of blood vessels throughout the body caused by atherosclerosis, which can spread to all parts of the body. In severe cases, patients can develop severe narrowing or even occlusion of coronary arteries, cerebral arteries, and limb arteries, requiring surgical treatment. In the early stage of atherosclerosis and after surgical treatment, patients can significantly slow down the progress of the disease, relieve the symptoms and reduce the recurrence rate of the disease by performing diet, exercise and medication and other self-care. People with atherosclerosis should have a low-salt, low-fat diet, and diabetic patients need to further control their diet. At the same time, eat less spicy and irritating food and keep the bowels and urine open. They should also try to avoid eating all kinds of animal offal, including brain, liver, kidney, etc.; avoid eating all kinds of fatty meat, such as pork fatty meat, beef fatty meat, dog fatty meat, and all kinds of animal fatty oil, such as lard, chicken oil, lamb oil, etc. Various egg yolks and other high cholesterol foods should also be reduced. Tobacco can cause vasospasm and aggravate vascular lesions, especially in patients with combined heart disease and diabetes, who should strictly quit smoking. Patients with arteriosclerosis should not be immobile, nor should they move much. They should start with a small amount of activity and slowly increase the amount of exercise, which can gradually increase the opening of the collateral circulation and improve arterial blood flow. The best exercise program is walking, the speed and duration should be adjusted according to the individual’s physical condition, and it is good to have slight sweating and no soreness in the lower limbs after the activity. Activity time should not choose early in the morning, because the morning temperature is low, the body is not open, easy to stimulate vascular spasms and accidents, especially not for the elderly. The best time is after 09:00 am and after 04:00 pm. Second, drug treatment Control of the three highs, that is, “high blood pressure, high blood pressure, high blood sugar”, to slow down the progress of the disease, improve the efficacy and reduce relapse is of great help. Drug treatment for atherosclerosis mainly includes anti-platelet drugs and lipid-lowering drugs. Some patients may experience varying degrees of gastrointestinal discomfort when taking aspirin (aspirin enteric-coated tablets) orally, and swallowing the drug with food at the end of lunch or dinner can eliminate gastrointestinal discomfort or significantly reduce symptoms. If you are taking other medications in combination, especially anticoagulants such as warfarin sodium, be sure to consult your physician about reducing the dose or taking less of one medication. Observe closely for bleeding in the skin, mucous membranes and organs of the body while taking the appeal medication. If bleeding is found, stop taking aspirin (aspirin enteric soluble tablets) immediately and go to the hospital for appropriate examination and treatment. If the degree of atherosclerosis is severe, you should add Lipitor 1 tablet (20mg) once a day for lipid-lowering and plaque stabilization treatment, but you should pay attention to monitoring liver function. Third, post-operative care Patients with lower extremity arterial occlusion undergo surgical treatment, including arterial bypass, endothelial stripping, stent implantation, etc., all of which open narrowed or occluded local arteries and do not remove the cause of atherosclerosis. Many patients recognize the same reasoning as a clogged sewer, which we unclogged, but if not maintained, it may be blocked again after a period of time due to reaccumulation of scale. Stents and artificial blood vessels are foreign bodies to the body, and platelets and other clotting substances in the blood can clot on their surfaces and form clots and then block the vascular pathways. In addition to the same dietary exercise care and medication as non-surgical patients, patients after lower extremity artery surgery should pay extra attention to the following points. Stents and artificial blood vessels, because they are foreign bodies, can easily induce thrombosis and block the already unblocked blood vessels in the lower extremities. Therefore, long-term postoperative administration of anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs can help keep the blood vessels in the lower extremities open. Commonly used drugs include warfarin, Bolivar and aspirin. Warfarin has a definite anticoagulant effect, but it varies greatly among individuals, so it is important to go to the hospital regularly for blood tests to determine the prothrombin time and adjust the drug dose accordingly. Stents and artificial blood vessels are not resistant to external compression, and the fracture of stents and collapse of artificial blood vessels can easily lead to thrombosis and occlusion of blood vessels. Attention should be paid to keeping the lower limbs in an extended state to reduce the increase in resistance to blood flow due to excessive flexion of the limbs. Squatting is most likely to cause increased resistance to blood flow in the arteries of the lower extremities, slowing down blood flow and thus causing thrombosis in the blood vessels. Some places in the north like to use squatting pits, should avoid using this commode, but should be used to sit on the toilet. When sitting in a long-distance car, attention should be paid to frequent walking to speed up blood flow in the lower limbs. Usually when sitting, care should be taken not to cross your legs, especially not to press that limb of the operation on the other leg, because the pressure on the N fossa is very likely to cause increased vascular resistance, thus inducing thrombosis. You should go to the hospital for regular checkups and see your primary care physician for follow-up at least once every 3 months to observe changes in your condition, detect stent or artificial vessel restenosis as early as possible, and adjust your medication. If you feel that your walking distance to the lower extremities has shortened and your symptoms have worsened, it is even more important to go to the hospital promptly. Early detection and early treatment can help avoid the reoccurrence of lower limb ischemia.