Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a type of heart disease characterized by hypertrophy of the heart muscle. Sudden death is its main risk, with a general 10-year survival rate of 80% in adults and 50% in pediatric patients, and an annual mortality rate of 4% to 6% in high-risk patients. Cardiomyopathies are diseases in which cardiomyopathy is the main manifestation, and they can be divided into two main groups. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a group of cardiac diseases characterized by hypertrophy of the heart muscle. Sudden death is its main risk, with a general 10-year survival rate of 80% in adults and 50% in pediatric patients, and an annual mortality rate of 4% to 6% in high-risk patients. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causes dyspnea mostly after exertion due to reduced left ventricular compliance, increased end-diastolic pressure, followed by increased pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary stasis. The presence of mitral valve insufficiency with septal hypertrophy may aggravate pulmonary stasis. It can cause palpitations due to cardiac decompensation or arrhythmias. Precordial pain, mostly after exertion, with symptoms like angina pectoris, but atypical, is due to increased oxygen demand of the hypertrophied myocardium and relatively inadequate coronary artery blood supply. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease characterized by hypertrophy of the myocardium, often asymmetric hypertrophy with involvement of the septum, with obstructed blood filling of the left ventricle and decreased diastolic compliance as the basic pathology. Depending on the presence or absence of obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, the disease can be divided into obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The nonobstructive type has no systolic obstruction at rest or during excitation. The main clinical manifestations of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are dyspnea on exertion, angina, syncope, dizziness, and some patients can be asymptomatic. This disease is often the cause of sudden death in young people, and heart failure can occur at a later stage, which is dangerous, but hypertrophic cardiomyopathy treatment is still a very difficult problem for clinicians. The obstructive form can be subaortic or midventricular obstruction, and the obstruction can be insidious (can be induced), intermittent, or persistent.