Drugs to reduce left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: beta-receptor antagonists are the first-line treatment for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers can be used in patients who cannot tolerate beta-receptor antagonists; propyzamide may also be a candidate.
Drugs for heart failure: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), beta-receptor antagonists, diuretics, spironolactone and digoxin are all available.
Drugs for atrial fibrillation: amiodarone reduces paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes and beta antagonists can be used to control the ventricular rate to treat persistent atrial fibrillation. Unless contraindicated, oral anticoagulants are usually required.