Highlights of the 2010 CPR Guidelines: 1. From “A-B-C” to “C-A-B” The most recent advancement in the 2010 CPR and ECC guidelines is that the process for basic life support (BLS) for adult and pediatric patients (except neonates) is “C-A-B” (chest compressions, open airway, manual ventilation) instead of “A-B-C” (open airway, manual ventilation, chest compressions). Emphasize chest compression, but for asphyxial arrest, A-B-C. 2. Add a 5th new link in the chain of survival Wang Guanghai, Emergency Center, Thousand Buddha Mountain Hospital, Shandong Province Adult chain of survival: 1). Early detection and activation of EMS 2). Early CPR with emphasis on chest compressions 3). Early defibrillation4). Early advanced life support 5). Comprehensive post cardiac arrest treatment. 3.Encourage untrained rescuers to perform CPR with chest compressions alone and receive telephone instructions from the dispatcher. In most patients with out-of-hospital CA, eyewitness CPR with chest compressions alone (Hands-Only CPR) yields results similar to those of traditional CPR (compressions combined with artificial respiration). In children, conventional CPR is more advantageous. 4. Elimination of the “Look, Listen and Feel” procedure saves time and simplifies the Basic Life Support (BLS) procedure. Emphasizes rapid activation of the emergency response system and immediate chest compressions in adult patients who are unconscious, not breathing, or breathing abnormally (e.g., gasping for breath). 5. Chest compressions (C-A-B rather than A-B-C) are performed before artificial respiration is given, i.e., 30 chest compressions rather than two ventilations; this is to avoid delaying the first compressions. 6. Continue to emphasize high-quality CPR (compressions at a sufficient rate and amplitude to ensure chest rebound after each compression, minimize compression interruptions and avoid hyperventilation) and minimize interruptions of effective chest compressions until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or termination of CPR. 7. The frequency of correct chest compressions should be at least 100/min, with a depth of compression of at least 5 cm in adults and at least 5 cm in infants and For children, the depth of compression should be at least one-third of the anterior-posterior diameter of the chest (approximately 4 cm for infants and 5 cm for children). Compression intervals should not exceed 10 s. 8. The dosage of epinephrine remains unchanged, and the routine use of atropine is not recommended in patients with cardiac arrest or pulseless electrical activity (PEA). 9. Adjust the oxygen concentration according to the arterial oxygen saturation: once the autonomic circulation is restored, adjust the inhaled oxygen concentration to the lowest concentration needed to make the arterial oxygen saturation ≥94%, in order to ensure sufficient oxygen supply while avoiding excessive tissue oxygen. 10. The application of partial pressure of end-expiratory carbon dioxide (PETCO2) values is currently recommended to monitor the quality of CPR and to recognize the restoration of spontaneous circulation. 11. Medical personnel work in groups, further emphasizing the importance of giving CPR as a team, with different rescuers performing multiple actions at the same time.