“Lung texture” is a diagnostic X-ray term that indicates a radial stripe of shadows extending from the hilum to the periphery of the lung field. Normal pulmonary texture is primarily an image of the pulmonary arteries, with the involvement of the pulmonary veins, bronchi, and lymphatic vessels in shadow formation. Lung texture enhancement can be broadly categorized into three types: (1) Vascular lung texture enhancement: the lung texture is thicker, with clearer edges, and maintains the character of vascularity from the hilum to the lung field. In pulmonary venous hypertension, pulmonary texture increases and thickens, with the upper field of both lungs being obvious and the transparency of the lung field being low; while the pulmonary texture enhancement caused by pulmonary arterial hypertension is mainly due to the dilatation and thickening of the branches of the larger pulmonary arteries in both lungs, and the lung field is clearer. The former is common in mitral stenosis, and the latter is common in septal defects and arterial ductus arteriosus. (2) Bronchiolar pulmonary texture enhancement: the thickness of the pulmonary texture is not uniform, which is often mixed with deformed texture and small honeycomb images, and sometimes can be seen in the “orbit”, with the lower field of the two lungs more obvious. It is common in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. (3) Lymphatic pulmonary texture enhancement: pulmonary texture in the two lungs is in the form of a fine mesh, commonly seen in pneumoconiosis (such as silicosis), cancerous lymphadenitis. Lung texture enhancement is an X-ray sign, and reporting lung texture enhancement in isolation has less clinical value. Only by carefully analyzing the nature of pulmonary texture enhancement and combining it with other X-ray manifestations and clinical conditions can it have greater diagnostic value. It is important to note that radiologists who are new to imaging and have little experience can sometimes misreport normal lung texture as texture enhancement (especially in the right lower lung), and this should be noted in clinical practice.